WILLIAM EWING & CO.'S SEED CATALOGUE 
80 
PRAIRIE STATE INCUBATOR 
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The improved riairie State Incubator is not only the most successful 
hatcher, but it is lionestly made — a dependable, durable machine 
through and through. 
There is not a part about it that we are not anxioui^ to thoroughly . 
explain. They are made to automatically adjust themselves to exist- 
ing conditions, and consetjuontly they overcome the possibilities of 
neglect or ignorance of the operator. When you stop to consider this, 
it means a great deal, as even the expert operator is liable to forget 
his machine, and if it does not adjust itself automatically the chance 
for spoiling the entires setting of eggs is quite possible. 
In building the Improved Sand Tray Prairie State we have covered 
every possibiUty that might arise which would work detrimentally 
to the final result — getting []\o highest number of strong chicks from 
the eggs set; and the- mnTiy. many experiments and tests made, not 
only by us but by others, amateurs and experts, under the most adverse 
circumstances, have proven that we have a machine which meets all 
conditions successfully — a machine that any one can operate, a machine 
that w\\\ do the work as no otlier will, for no other is built just hke it. 
Nothing has been overlooked that goes to make up a practical and 
successful hatcher. It contains many new features, among which 
are the following: 
FIRST. — The eddy current or automatic gravity heat distributor. 
SECOND. — A now triangular toggle-joint, thermostatic, automatic 
heat regulator, that has five times the thrust of anj' thermostat here- 
t,ofore used by us. 
THIRD. — Automatic ventilation. 
FOURTH. — Automatic and uniform moisture supply. 
FIFTH. — Supplementary ventilation for drying off and hardening 
the chicks before removing the brooders. 
SIXTH. — Largest air space above and below the eggs of any incubator. 
SEVENTH. — Removable burlap mats in bottom of nursery, making 
«asy to clean. 
EIGHTH. — A warm nursery, so that chicks can be incubated and 
the nursery used in the very coldest of incubator rooms, 
NINTH. — Egg trays contain any size of eggs — hen, duck or bantam — 
without chnngc. _ 
THE PRAIRIE STATE 
TENTH. — Combination system of heating that gives the best all- 
round results. 
ELEVENTH. — -The combination of elements that produce the largest 
and strongest chick that has ever been hatched artificially. 
TWELFTH.— A durable, well-built machine that will last. 
The Sand Tray Prairie State Incubator consLsts of an inner case 
known as an egg-chamber and an outer case built of selected lumber, 
thoroughly seasoned and dried. Some manufacturers, making a virtue 
of necessity, claim some one particular kind of wood is the only one 
that will build a good incubator. The kind of lumber from which an 
incubator is made has absolutely nothing to do with its hatching quaJi- 
ties. It is merely a matter of hnished appearance and the most avail- 
able material at hand for the manufacturer that makes him give pre- 
ference to any one kind of lumber 
We use the best material obtainable, and we kiln-dry all our lumber 
in our own kiln. The outside and inside is made of either cypress, 
chestnut, poplar, white or yellow pine, any of which will make a first- 
class incubator. The legs of these machines are hard maple, nicely 
turned and finished. 
The radiant-heat method, of which the Prairie State lias always 
been the best example, is still retained in our present design, and haH 
always been a distinctive feature of a Prairie State machine. The heat 
is applied to the upper part of the egg-chamber by means of a metal 
radiator. We use the radiant heat in combination with the diffusive 
method of heating and have secured the beneficent features of both. 
In the present Prairie State Incubator we have embodied a new 
principle in heat distribution. We use the eddy current as a vehicle 
for carrying the hot air to the cold parts of the machine, thus changing 
it from a detrimental to a beneficent feature. The greater the differ- 
ence of the temperature in the radiator the more rapid is the induced 
circulation. We practically secure by means of a gravity circulation 
the same result that is attained by a mechanical agitator in the radiator. 
The ventilating current in the egg-chamber, whether on full or shut 
off completely, does not influence the self-evening or automatic heat 
distribution, nor is the heat distribution affected by the width of the 
opening of the regulator valve; a feature not possessed by any other 
system of heat distribution. 
We guarantee the distribution of heat to be more imiform under 
greater ranges of temperature than in any other incubator now on the 
market. 
The heat is so imiformly distributed that we use a flat tray in the 
largest machine. The flat-bottom tray conduces to the quickness and 
ease in turning. 
The eggs can be moved and mixed in less time than in any other 
way. The sloping tray in an incubator indicates a hot center. If 
the slope is correct for a warm room, it will be wrong for a cold room. 
The result is a compromise, with more or less faulty heat distribution. 
The thermostat is of entirely new design, constructed of heavy channel 
steel, triangular in form, with channel zinc toggles in the center. It 
is very powerful and sensitive. The rivets we use in assembling are 
three-sixteenths of an inch and one-fourth of an inch, respectively, 
in diameter, having from ten to twenty times the strength in construc- 
tion of methods used by other manufacturers in assembling toggle- 
joint thermostats. The thermostat will not collapse nor break in use, 
has five times the thrust of the thermostat we have used heretofore 
and we had no complaints in regard to the efficiency of our^ormer 
regulators. 
The heater used upon the Prairie State Incubator is placed'^'outside. 
It is lapped, seamed, riveted and soldered. It is absolutely gas-tight 
and will not leak. It is easy of access, and all soot deposits, in case 
they occur, can be readily removed. The heater is insuhited vnth a 
cellular fireproof asbestos jacket, covered with a neat hood, and every 
precaution has been taken to secure protection from injury and neat- 
ness of appearance. The heater is one of the most vital points of an 
incubator. This heater is very economical on oil, the air from the 
lamp being cooled very low before exhausted. The heater exhaust 
is a small round pipe^and so arranged that the fumes from the lamp 
can be piped off 
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UNIVERSAL HOVER 
As' the name of this hover implies, it has a wide or universal sphere of usefulness. In 
tact, there is practically no limit to its adaptabiUty. It may be used or attached to any 
form of outdoor brooder that is two feet or more in height; to any size or form of colony 
house, mushroom house, small portable building, drygoods box, shed, coop or organ or piano box. 
Where regular colony houses are used the Universal Hover can be attached to one until 
the cMcks have been given a good start, and then removed to another for a new brood. In 
this way it can be utilized to accomplish the work of four or five expensive combination 
colony brooders. It has proven to be thoroughly practical in actual service, giving perfect 
latisfaction during coldest weather of winter, changeable conditions of spring and the heat 
of summer. 
Economy is one of its special features, aside from its wide range of adaptability, as will 
be seen from the fact that only a small No. 2 Sun Hinge Burner is required to furnish all 
the heat necessary in the coldest weather. In presenting this hover to the poultry-raiser 
we are confident that it will give him more real, genuine satisfaction than any device ever 
put out. It fills that want felt by every one who raises poultry, for something they can 
nee for this purpose anywhere, any time and do the work well. We use this hover in 
three different sizes and models of outdoor brooders, and also arrange it for several sizes of 
indoor brooders. 
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