No. 161.] 
133 
broken and very irregular. The rock associated with this ore is 
principally composed of hornblende, with some quartz and feld- 
spar. Mr. Duane has opened several other beds in the vicinity, 
but they either yielded so little ore, or ore of so inferior a quali- 
ty, that they have not been worked. A bed, however, has re- 
cently been opened within a few^ miles of this place, on the Deer 
river, which yields ore of good quality, and sufficient in quantity 
to repay working. Ore beds in this vicinity are very favorably 
situated with regard to wood and water power. 
At Malone, the county town of Franklin, an ore bed was opened 
some years since, from which, at different times, several hundred 
tons of ore have been obtained. The bed is covered with soil, 
and it has been so irregularly worked, that it is impossible to judge 
accurately of its dimensions, course or dip. The abundance and 
good quality of the ore requires only enterprise and capital to ren- 
der it a source of profit. Its situation renders it favorable for 
working, being near a fine stream, and in the vicinity of exten- 
sive and well wooded lands. This bed occupies almost the ex- 
treme north end of the primitive range; sandstone lying against 
its eastern slope, and in the valley of the Salmon river: to the 
west, the sandstone is found at the distance of a few miles, occu- 
pying the valleys of the rivers and the low grounds, as it does 
along the whole breadth of the State, from Plattsburgh to Og- 
densburgh. From examinations now made, it may be inferred 
that the sandstone was deposited previous to the elevation of the 
primitive ranges, which project into it, breaking it up, and causing 
much confusion in the stratification near the points of contact, 
while in the broad valleys it is nearly horizontal, exhibiting along 
the rivers perpendicular walls, of from 20 to 50 feet in height. 
This is one among the many remarkable geological features of this 
section, and which will be adverted to in another place. 
In Pierrepont, St. Law^rence county, a bed of this kind of ore has 
been worked to some extent; the ore is abundant, judging from 
the openings that have been made. It is favorably located with 
regard to wood and water, and also for market, being within 30 
miles of Ogdensburgh. 
An ore of similar quality occurs in Canton, on the land of the 
Hon. S. Van Rensselaer; it does not appear to be abundant, and 
probably will not repay working. 
