No. 16i.] 
13D 
Geological situation and Associated Rocks. 
The geological positioQ of bog ore is various: being an alluvial 
formation, it occurs in beds of greater or less extent, associated 
with the rocks of other fornaations. Thus, in Franklin county, it 
lies upon, or occurs in beds in the tertiary; and in some places in 
St, Lawrence county, immediately upon the primitive rocks; but 
more frequently it is found in the alluvial bottoms of streams and 
rivers. It not only occurs along the courses of streams and in 
swamps and low grounds, but also on more elevated ground where 
streams do not now flow. It sometimes occurs on the sides of 
hills, deposited just beneath, and sometimes on the surface; at 
other limes several feet beneath the soil, covered by sand and 
gravel, and underlaid by beds of clay and hardpan. 
Extent and thickness of Beds. 
In most situations beds of this ore are of limited extent, and 
from one to three feet in thickness. Sometimes the ore is dissemi- 
nated through sand and gravel to considerable depths, but in many 
such cases the greater part of the bed is gravel and not ore.^ — 
From its mode of formation it will easily be conceived why beds 
are rarely of any considerable extent. 
Local Details. 
The most extensive bed of this ore known in this part of the 
State, is at Brasher, extending in one direction six miles, having, 
where it has been worked, a thickness of two feet. A furnace 
has recently been erected at that place for manufacturing the ore; 
another furnace at Norfolk is supplied with ore from the same bed. 
At Waddington, a furnace has been in operation for a considera- 
ble time, supplied with bog ore from that place. At Westville, 
Franklin county, a bed of this ore has supplied two forge fires for 
25 years, and the ore is continually increasing by deposition from 
water. Several other beds occur in this town, but none of them 
sufficiently extensive for working. 
Bog ore is found at Malone and several other places in Franklin 
county, but has not been worked except at Westvilie. 
In St. Lawrence county, two extensive beds occur in the town 
of Hermon, one of which is three feet in thickness and of great 
extent. A bed of this ore in Fowler has principally supplied the 
Fullerville furnace for seven years. 
