10 
[Assembly 
marly sandstone of Rochester, Medina and other places, had, before 
this survey, been confounded with the red marl or shale of Salina, 
which constitutes the floor of the salt springs. Their similarity had 
caused the one to be mistaken for the other. From Wayne county, 
westward, numerous excavations and borings have been made in this 
rock for salt water containing a small portion of saline matter, and from 
which salt was formally manufactured, it was supposed that deep bor- 
ing would discover the same fountain as at Salina. This rock, the Ge- 
ologists are now prepared to say, will never yield salt water of good 
quality in any considerable quantities. 
The limits of the formation containing gypsum have been definitely 
pointed out, which will doubtless induce future search to be made for 
it in places where it lies too deep for profitable quarrying at present. 
Beds of marl, tufa, muck or peat have been observed in great numbers ; 
and the value of these materials has been shown. Some few individuals 
have used the latter with great success as a manure ; and the use of it 
is constantly increasing. 
These are but a few of the immediate effects of the survey. Others 
of similar kind might be named in almost every town. But it cannot 
be expected that the full benefit of the survey will be attained until the 
final report and the map are placed before the public. On the map 
will be accurately indicated by name and colour, every individual for- 
mation, its extent and direction, and the towns it passes through ; also 
the deposits of more valuable substances, so that a person may ascer- 
tain by referring to the map the localities of any important article he 
may be in search ol It will thus tend to give a true and permanent 
value to the soil, by indicating the geological formations which consti- 
tute the different portions of the State. Our knowledge then will not 
consist in insulated facts. It will be systematized and always available 
for practical purposes. We shall have a true knowledge of our iron, 
lead, copper and other metalliferous rocks, of the regions which produce 
porcelain clay, marble and other valuable articles, of the salt and gyp- 
sum formations, and what has been considered of vast importance, the 
relative position of the coal formation. 
Heretofore the general knowledge of all this has been confined to 
disconnected facts. Search has been made in almost every rock for- 
mation in the State for coal, and in many for silver and the precious 
metals. 
