47 
the beginning of the Palaeozoic series of the latest Tertiary, and 
the latter at least as far back as the Triassic. The first are recog- 
nized in the fossil state principally by their septate character, the 
shells being divided into sections by transverse partitions, similar 
to the recent Nautilus (see section of Nautilus in shell collection 
desk case, No. 15). Among the fossil forms may be found shells of 
nearly all shapes from the Orthoceras (straight horn) of the Palaeo- 
zoic epochs, to the closely coiled Ammonite (Amnion's horns) of 
the Triassic and Cretaceous ; and among them, some of the most 
attractive and interesting fossils known. In the Silurian epochs 
they are represented by Orthoceras, Endoceras, Cyrtoceras, Nauti- 
lus, and many other genera. In the Devonian, Goniatitcs is added, 
and in the Mesozoic epochs Ammonites and Baculites (staffs 
shells) are numerous. These latter forms, together with all their 
close allies, have the partitions lobed where they join the outside 
shell, and form complicated leaf-like patterns on the surface, 
where the shell is broken away ; see Baculites, Ammonites and 
Scaphites in the Cretaceous, Case p, Sects. 4 and 6. Some of the 
earliest forms of Cephalopods may be found in Case b, Sect. 13, 
a form erroneously thought to represent the back-bones of fishes. 
Others may be found in Case c, 4, 6 and 12, and Alcove Case 2 ; 
also Case F, 4, and Alcove Case 4 ; Case g, i i and 12 ; Case h, 6, 
11 and 13 ; Alcove Case 9 ; also in Case M, Sect. 9, may be seen 
characteristic Goniatitcs with their angular septa. In the Coal 
Measures, Case o, Sect. 11, Cretaceous in Case p as above noted, 
and in the European series, Case R, Sects. 4, 6, 10 and 1 1, 
Fig. 34. — Goniatites Vanuxemi. 
