PREFACE. 
Ill 
This will enable the Society to take advantage of 
his erudite labours^ and more particularly that part 
of them which has a reference to the fossils in the 
grauwacke series of rocks, and to the junction of the 
old and new red sandstone in Worcestershire. 
It should be observed, that Mr. Murchison includes 
the whole range of our transition hills from Abberley 
to Malvern, in the upper grauwacke series. The 
Teme breaks through the line at Knightford's Bridge, 
from whence the superior grauwacke formation strikes 
south-south-east for a distance of six miles, until it is 
met by the sienitic ridge of Malvern, running due 
north and south. This contact, Mr. Murchison 
observes, has cut out and deflected the sedimentary 
rocks from their course, and their direction is accom- 
modated to the western sides and promontories of the 
intrusive rock. 
At Abberley, the elevating forces which have up- 
heaved the two contiguous hills of Abberley and 
Woodbury, have caused the singular phenomenon of 
a complete reversal of the members of the grauwacke, 
and thus for several miles on the western flanks of 
these hills, the " lower Ludlow rock" of Mr. Murchi- 
son, is found overlying the " upper Ludlow rock," at 
angles varying from 70° to 45"". It is conceived that 
the out-burst of the basalt, which Mr, Pearson men 
tions in his paper, and the forces accompanying 
it, have bent back the strata upon their axes, and 
produced their present singular inverted position. 
Where this series impinges in its south-south-easterly 
direction upon the Malvern chain, the same pheno- 
