APPENDIX. 
183 
occur in beds and cavities. The common sand is employed 
in the making of cement, and a fine stratum found near 
Stourbridge is used in the manufacture of glass. Mr. Scott 
observes — " Projecting into the parish of Pedmore is a very 
capacious mine of sand, the property of the trust of Foley's 
Hospital. The produce of this stratum is of different quali- 
ties, of a yellow tinge, of the nature of drift, suitable to several 
processes of the iron manufacture, as founding, puddling, &c/' 
Clay. — Various clays occur, ,often alternating v^^ith sand, 
and even isolated beds of clay in the midst of the sand. 
Brick-works are established in various parts. 
Lias. — The blue clays of this formation have often tempted 
speculators to a vain search for coal. Being impervious to 
water, it is however advantageously used for lining fishponds. 
Calcareous Flagstone. — This subordinate stratum of the 
Lias is found at Littleton, and is almost invaluable as a paving 
stone for streets, yards, kitchens, &c. 
Oolite. — This stone is employed for enclosing at Bredon 
Hill, whose summit it constitutes. It has been also used 
as a building stone. 
Productions of the Gravel Beds. — The deposits of gravel 
scattered so profusely over the red sandstone are generally 
referred to the diluvial catastrophe ; but as De la Beche 
observes, these transported materials, often referred to one 
epoch, may belong to several. In some instances, as in the 
case of the Lickey Quartz, the rounded pebbles maybe traced 
to adjacent formations, but for the most part they seem to 
have travelled considerable distances. The following sub- 
stances have been found constituting the materials of our 
gravel beds. 
1. Granite. In pebbles of various sizes and varieties. 
Different from the Malvern granite. 
2. Quartz, of numerous varieties. 
3. Basalt. 
4. Jasper. Fine specimens are not uncommon. 
