CRYSTALS IN THE CELLS OF PLANTS, 
69 
cellulose, between the molecules of which those of the lime have been deposited. The 
cystoliths originate (in Ficus elastica on Schacht's authority, in Broussonetia from my 
own observation) as wart-like outgrowths from the inner side of the cell-wall, which 
then swell up into a club-shaped form at their free end, and become impregnated with 
hme. After the lime has been dissolved and solution of iodine added, it is seen that 
the surface of the cystolith is coated with a thin protoplasmic membrane in which the 
original sculpture of the whole can still be perfectly made out. 
[M^Nab gives (Journal of Botany, new series, vol. I. p. 33) for the composition of the 
potassium chlorate solution : three grains of potassium chlorate dissolved in two drachms of 
nitric acid of sp. gr. I'lo. The preparation of ' Schultz's solution' is thus described by Schacht 
(The Microscope and its application to vegetable anatomy and physiology, translated by F. Currey, 
p. 43) : Zinc is dissolved in hydrochloric acid ; the solution is allowed to evaporate under contact 
with metallic zinc, until it attains the thickness of a syrup ; the syrup is then saturated with 
potassium iodide, the iodine added, and the solution, when necessary, diluted with water. For the 
' iodine-solution ' the same authority recommends one grain of iodine and three grains of potassium 
iodide in one ounce of distilled water.] 
