220 
MORPHOLOGY OF MEMBERS. 
prolongation of the other. The growth of the mass of tissue lying between g and u further 
continues in the same direction, and the whole lateral shoot assumes the form repre- 
sented in H (Fig. I) ; the still further change of position of the parts which takes place 
in consequence is explained by Fig. II, where An represents the bud u in III, bl the 
still more elongated sheath of the leaf bl in ///; the channel / is the cavity inclosed by 
the leaf bl increased in breadth, and which, were there no displacement, would be entirely 
filled up by the bud u (or kn) ^. 
In order to make the following displacement, which occurs very commonly, more 
intelligible, reference should be first made to Fig. ii8, p. 154. This shows how the 
tissue beneath the apex expands laterally by early growth, so that the surface of the 
growing point, which would otherwise be elevated in a cone, becomes almost level ; and 
the apical point thus comes to lie in the middle of a plane instead of at the point of 
a cone. In the Sunflower this state of things remains nearly unchanged as the capitulum 
Fig. 159.— Development of the fig oi Ficus carica (after FiG. 160.— Development of the flower of Rosa alpifta (after Payer 
Payer : Organogenic de la fleur). Organoge'nie de la fleur) . 
developes ; but the abnormal growth increases in many cases to such an extent that 
the apical point eventually lies at the base of a deep hollow, the walls of which result 
from older masses of tissue, which properly lie beneath the apex, growing upwards and 
overarching the apex itself. This occurs, for instance, in the development of the fig, 
which, as shown in Fig. 159, is a metamorphosed branch, the apex of which is at still 
nearly level, at II has already been outstripped by a circular leaf-bearing cushion, and 
at III^ is depressed in the form of an urn. The apical point of this shoot lies in this 
case in the deepest part of the hollow, the inner side of which is properly only the 
1 [See also J. H. Fahre, De la germination des Ophrydees et de la nature de leurs tubercules, 
Ann. des sc. nat. 1856, vol. V.] 
