DICOTYLEDONS, 
Order 8. ColumniferaB. 
Families: i. Sterculiaceae, 
2. Byttneriaceae, 
3. Tiliaceae, 
4. Malvaceae. 
Order 9. Tricoccae\ 
Families: i. Euphorbiaceae, 
a. Euphorbieae, 
b. Acalypheae ; 
2. Phyllanthaceae, 
a. Phyllantheae, 
b. Buxineae. 
D. Centrospermce. Corolla usually wanting (except in Fam. 6) ; stamens fewer 
or more often more numerous than the sepals, in the last case generally double as 
many (4 or 6) ; ovary usually superior and unilocular, with one or more basal often 
campylotropous ovules, less often multilocular with central placentation. 
Order 1. Caryophyllineae. 
Families: i. Nyctagineae, 
2. Chenopodiaceae, 
3. Amaranthaceae, 
4. Phytolaccaceae, 
5. Portulacaceae, 
6. Caryophylleae : 
a. Paronychieae, 
b. Sclerantheae, 
c. Alsineae, 
d. Sileneae. 
E. DiscophorcE. Ovary inferior (Order i) or half inferior or even superior, and 
then (Order 2, Family 5) carpels distinct; carpels as many as or fewer than 
sepals and petals (often two) ; when the ovary is inferior or half inferior a necta- 
riferous disc usually occurs between the styles and the stamens; stamens equal 
in number to sepals and petals (Order i) or twice as many, or even a still larger 
number; calyx-limb usually obsolete in Order i ; seed generally with copious 
endosperm. 
Order 1. UmbellifloraB. 
Families : 1 . Umbelliferae, 
2. Araliaceae, 
3. Cornaceae. 
Order 2. SaxifraginesB ^. 
Families: i. Saxifragaceae (including Hydrangeas, 
Escalloniese, and Cunoniaceaej, 
2. Grossulariaceae (?), 
3. Philadelpheae (?), 
4. Francoaceae (?), 
5. Crassulaceae (?). 
V. Perigyn^. 
Flower displaying a tendency towards the perigynous structure. An annular body 
is elevated from the floral axis bearing the perianth and the stamens, and enveloping 
the gynaeceum as a cup-, saucer-, or urn-Hke receptacle ; or it becomes adherent in its 
^ The position of this order is doubtful. 
^ The position of the families marked (?) is doubtful. 
