APPENDIX. BOOK III. 
961 
the crystalline form of the micellae. Strasburger argues that cell-walls and starch-grains 
consist of numerous lamellae which are in different states of tension and are at the same 
time very firmly adherent ; it is to these tensions that the optical phenomena in question 
are due, and it is not probable that any mechanical force applied could so far modify 
these tensions as to produce an alteration in the optical phenomena. 
Strasburger's views may be summarised as follows: — 
1. Organised bodies consist of molecules of solid substance united by chemical 
affinity; the water which they contain is retained by intermolecular capillarity. 
2. The doubly refractive properties of starch-grains and cell-walls depend upon 
tensions. 
3. The directions of swelling-up are determined by a certain anatomical structure. 
4. The increase in surface of organised bodies depends upon stretching and swelling- 
up (see also p. 946). 
5. Increase in thickness or in bulk depends upon apposition. 
Page 671. On the growth of artificial cells, see Traube, Experimente zur physikal- 
ischen Erklärung der Bildung der Zellhaut, ihres Wachsthum durch Intussusception, und 
des Aufwärtswachsens der Pflanzen, Bot. Zeitg. 1875, p. 56 ; also Reinke, ibid.^ P-425, 
Bemerkungen über das Wachsthum anorganischer Zellen ; further, Sachs and Traube, 
Bot. Zeitg. 1878. 
Page 678. On Transpiration, see also Wiesner, Untersuch, ueb. den Einfluss des 
Lichtes und der strahlenden Wärme auf die Transspiration der Pflanze, Sitzber. d. k. 
Akad. d. Wiss., Bd. LXXIV, Wien, 1876 (also Ann. d. Sei. Nat., ser. 6, t. IV, 1876). 
In note 4, for ' 1836 ' read ' 1856.' 
Page 688. On the absorption of water by roots, see Vesque, De I'influence des 
matieres salines sur I'absorption de I'eau par les racines, Ann. d. Sei. nat., ser. 6, t. IX, 
1880. 
Page 701. Absorption of substances by roots. See Phillips, On the Absorption of 
metallic oxides by plants, American Journal of Science, 1882. 
Page 703. On the chemistry of Assimilation, see Reinke, Theoretisches zur As- 
similationsproblem, Bot. Zeitg. 1882 : also Strasburger, Bau und Wachsthum der Zellhäute, 
p. 237. 
Page 707. It has been recently ascertained that glycogen occurs as a reserve- 
material in many plants : see Errera, L'Epiplasme des Ascomycetes et le Glycogene des 
Veg^taux, Brussels, 1882. 
Page 712, From observations made on Euphorbia trigona, Treub comes to the 
conclusion that the laticiferous cells serve as channels for the transmission of amylaceous 
substances, and that the starch-grains which they contain are transitory (Ann. du Jardin 
bot. de Buitenzorg, III, 1882). 
Page 734, paragraph 3. See also Holzner, Beob. ueb. die Schütte der Kiefer oder 
Föhre und die Winterfärbung immergrüner Gewächse, Freising, 1877. 
Page 737. On the action of light, see also Pauchon, Rech, sur le role de la lumiere 
dans la germination, Ann. d. Sei. Nat., ser. 6, t. X, 1881. 
Siemens, On the Influence of Electric Light upon Vegetation, Proc. Roy. Soc, 
1880; also. On some Applications of Electric Energy to Horticulture and Agriculture, 
London, 1881. 
Page 739 (2). See also Famintzin, De I'influence de I'intensite de la lumiere sur 
la decomposition de I'acide carbonique par les plantes, Ann. d. Sei. Nat., ser. 6, t. X, 1880. 
Page 744 {b). Famintzin, La decomposition de I'acide carbonique par les plantes 
exposees ä la lumiere artificielle, Ann. d. Sei. Nat., ser, 6, t. X ; Deherain et Maquenne, 
Sur la decomposition de I'acide carbonique par les feuilles eclairees par des lumieres artifi- 
cielles, Ann. d. Sei. Nat., ser. 6, t. IX (1880). 
Page 761. On the function of chlorophyll, see further. Bonnier, Du role physiol- 
ogique de la chlorophylle, Ann. d. Sei. Nat., ser. 6, t. X, 1881 ; and Hansen, Geschichte der 
Assimilation und Ghlorophyllfunction, Arb. d. bot. Inst, in Würzburg, II, 1882. 
3 Q 
