240 
NEIL E. STEVENS AND FRED W. MORSE 
Aliquots of the filtrate were clarified with dry lead subacetate, the excess 
of lead was removed by dry sodium carbonate, and the inversion and deter- 
mination of the total sugars were accomplished in the usual manner. 
Aliquots of the filtrate were diluted with water and titrated with standard 
sodium hydroxide for the total acids. The color of cranberry -juice would 
be expected to hide the end-point of any indicator; but as the alkali is added 
to the solution the color gradually changes and fades until it is a pale gray 
tint. A few more drops of the alkali will then produce a reasonably sharp 
end with phenolphthalein, which was used in all our work. 
The pulverized, air-dry material was used for determinations of dry 
matter, ash, protein, fiber, and ether extract, which were made by the 
conventional methods (9). 
The analytical results together with results obtained on sound berries 
are given in table i. 
Table i. Chemical composition of cranberries {Howes variety) 
Berries affected with endrot compared with sound fruit 
Fresh Fruit 
Total Sugars | Total Acid 
Percent | Percent 
Rotten, January 3, 1918. 
Rotten, February 19, 191 
Rotten, March 5, 1918. . 
Sound, March 5, 1918. . . 
Sound, October, 191 7. . . 
2.91 
2.41 
2.83 
340 
3-97 
2.73 
2.32 
2.25 
2.21 
2.28 
Dry Matter 
Percent 
11.03 
11.82 
11.64 
11.82 
12.90 
Dry Matter 
Ash 
Percent 
Protein 
Percent 
Fiber 
Percent 
Ether Extract 
Percent 
Rotten, January 3, 1918 
Rotten, February 19, 1918 
Rotten, March 5, 1918 
Sound, March 5, 1918 
Sound, October, 1917 
1.48 
1.47 
1.40 
1.28 
1.28 
345 
3-54 
343 
3.10 
3.22 
12.76 
13.90 
11.74 
12.21 
12.00 
6.05 
6.13 
544 
5-17 
7.62 
The total acid was calculated as citric acid, although the cranberry is 
known to contain benzoic acid, while quantitative tests showed the presence 
of either tartaric or malic acid or both in addition to citric. The ether 
extract is not true fat, but contains what is probably a wax or resin from the 
skin, as well as much of the acids, which are somewhat soluble in ether. 
The chemical determination of cellulose has not yet reached the precision 
required for a study like this and methods for the cellulose derivatives are 
still less suitable, so that only the general determination of crude fiber was 
attempted. 
The only constituent of the fruit sufficiently affected by the rot to be 
manifested in the chemical analysis, is the total sugar. All the other 
changes in comparison with the sound fruit are apparently due to concen- 
tration as a corollary to the sugar consumption by the fungus. 
