ENDOTHIA PIGMENTS II 
ENDOTHINE RED^ 
Chas. E. Sando 
In 191 1 Panatanelli^ noted a yellow pigment occurring in Endothia 
parasitica and attempted to identify the substance as a lipochrome. Later, 
Anderson^ claimed that the pigment was closely related to aurin. Shear 
and Stevens^ were the first to point out that certain species of Endothia 
produced a "perilla purple" color when grown on starchy media. In a 
general study of the pigments produced by species of Endothia, the results 
of which are presented in the first paper of this series, Hawkins and Stevens^ 
showed that three distinct coloring matters are elaborated. Two of these 
are yellow and have been designated pigments A and C, and the other, 
which is a brilliant red, has been designated pigment B. With regard to 
the similarity of any of these pigments to a lipochrome, these authors make 
the following statement : 
''It is obvious then that these pigments are lacking in many of the 
properties of lipochrome and there is little reason at present for assuming 
that they belong in this rather indefinite group." 
They do state, however, that the pigments from E. parasitica bear some 
similarity to aurin, but not enough to warrant the conclusion that they are 
the same. 
All three pigments described by Hawkins and Stevens are found in 
Endothia fluens, pigment B abundantly. This species therefore afforded 
an excellent source of material for a further chemical study of the red pig- 
ment. This paper deals entirely with the chemistry of the coloring matter 
designated as pigment B by Hawkins and Stevens, which is probably the 
source of the "perilla purple" of Shear and Stevens. Since the substance 
appears to be a new coloring matter, the name endothine red is proposed. 
^ The work here reported was carried out under the general supervision of Dr. Lon 
A. Hawkins as a part of a cooperation between the Office of Plant Physiological and 
Fermentation Investigations and the Office of Horticultural and Pomological Investiga- 
tions, Bureau of Plant Industry. Published by permission of the Secretary of Agriclture. 
2 Panatanelli, E. Sul parassitismo di Diaporthe parasitica Murr. per il Castagno. 
Rendiconti della Accad. Lincei Roma, Classe di Sceinze, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali. 
V. 20: 366-372. 191 1. 
2 Anderson, P. J. The morphology and life history of the chestnut-blight fungus. 
Bull. Penn. Chestnut Tree Blight Comm. 7: 1-43. 1913. 
^ Shear, C. L.,and Stevens, Neil E. Cultural characters of the chestnut-blight fungus 
and its near relatives. U. S. Dept. Agr. Bur. PI. Ind. Circ. 131: 3-18. 1913. 
^ Hawkins, Lon A., and Stevens, Neil E. Endothia pigments. I. Amer. Journ. Bot. 
4: 336-353. 1917. 
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