326 
M. R. ENSIGN 
cases two plants from a single seed showed differences in size. In other 
• cases both plants developed equally well. Of 36 pots containing two seed- 
lings each, 40 percent contained seedlings of substantially equal size an^ 
apparent vigor. The remaining 60 percent showed plants of unequal size in 
all gradations. 
At the time the germination tests were made, it was a matter of common 
observation that each polyembryonic seedling had its pair of cotyledons 
attached. In case three or four embryos developed from a single seed, 
some of the last to germinate had cotyledons not much larger than a pin 
V 
" 
Fig. 6. 4 pairs of polyembryonic seedlings of varying age and size. No. 2. Poly- 
embryonic see 'lings 5 months old, of unequal size and vigor. No. 4. Polyembryonic 
seedlings II ..lonths old, of equal size and vigor. No. 5. Polyembryonic seedlings 3 
years old, of about equal size and vigor. 
head. On the other hand, some of the others were subtended by cotyledons 
that comprised the major portion of the entire seed. Although no specific 
data were taken on this point, it seems only reasonable to conclude that the 
size of the germinating seedling is directly correlated with the size of the 
cotyledons, or the amount of food. The general observations substantiate 
this view (figs. 5 and 6). 
Strasburger (1878) showed that sometimes the apogamous embryo 
