116 Bulletin Wisconsin Natural History Society. [Vol. 5, No. 2. 
From Experiment b, Table II, it is seen that a i% ether 
solution produces the greatest activity in spermatozoa, while a 
5% solution, produces quiescence. Eggs fertilized by spermatozoa 
immersed in .5% and 1%' solutions for one or for ten minutes, 
develop apparently normally ; but the embryos seem more active 
than those normally fertilized. Also, eggs fertilized by sperma- 
tozoa immersed for ten minutes develop more rapidly than do those 
fertilized by spermatozoa immersed for one minute, and are in 
the gastrula stage when the latter are in the blastula stage. T 
cannot account for the fact that the spermatozoa immersed for 
ten minutes in 5% ether and rendered inactive, recovered suffi- 
ciently to fertilize 25%' of the eggs to which they were added, 
while the spermatozoa immersed for one minute, did not fertilize 
any eggs. Later in .the season, spermatozoa immersed in 5% 
ether did in no case fertilize eggs. 
In Experiment c, Table III, the effect of immersion in ammo- 
nium hydroxide is shown. Eggs and sperm from the male and 
female, used in Experiments (a) and (b), were also used in this 
experiment. 
TABLE III. 
Experiment c. Ammonium Hydroxide SoIvUTions. 
Arbacia Eggs and Sperm. 
Per cent. 
NH^OH 
Effect on 
sperm. 
Time 
immersed. 
Per cent, 
divided. 
Further Development. 
.01 
inactive 
5 min. 
3 
Did not develop after first few 
cleavages. 
.005 
inactive 
5 min. 
5 
Did not develop after first few 
cleavages. 
.001 
active 
5 min. 
95 
Became abnormal morulae. 
.01 
inactive 
10 min. 
2 
No development after Jirst 
division. 
.005 
inactive 
10 min. 
2 
No development after Jirst 
division. 
.001 
active 
10 min. 
95 
Became abnormal morulae. 
