I 3 1 
long tail. The great size of its eyes shows that it is iiuctunial 
too. It occurs in Sumatra. Java and Borneu. 
SHREWS (Insectivora). 
The fnsectivors are few in iiumber and small in size. 
As their name implies, they generally feed on insects. The 
Malayan Insectivora may be divided into Tree-Shrews, 
Gymnuras (allied to the English hedgehog) and Musk-Shrews, 
and it is remarkable that these three families in outer appear- 
ance strongly resemble three families of the Rodent ia, to which 
we shall come later on, viz. the Squirrels, the Porcupines and 
the Rats respectively. However, the chiseWike front teeth 
of the Rodentia will always distinguish them from the 
Inseclivora, 
The Trcc-Shrews or Tupaias» resembling squirrels in 
form and habit* are exceedingly common and destructive. 
Tiipiiia fcrrugineii, the ' tupai tan ah ' of the Malays, may 
serve as an example. The Gymnuras, though resembling 
hedgehogs, have only rough hair instead of the spines. One of 
ihem» the Gymnuru rafflcsL possibly the * tikus mondok ' of the 
Malays^ is white. The Musk-Shrews ( Crockium murina and 
C. caeruk'ti), resembling rats, are common near human habita- 
tions and compensate for their musky smell somewhat by their 
usefulness in destroying insects. 
Among the Insectivora is generally included the Flying 
Lemur fGaleopiihecifS volans/ which^ though distinctly a vege- 
table feeder, is difficult to place elsewhere. This animal, the 
'Kubong' of the Malays, is about the size of a cat. It has a 
curious parachute formed by a membrane which arises from 
the angle of the jaws and encloses the entire length of the fore 
limbs, hind limbs and tail, leaving free only the lingers and 
toes, ll is nocturnal, and at day time rests against the trunks 
of trees, the colour of which it resembles. It too has a counter- 
part amongst the Rodentia, viz., the Flying Squirrel. 
BATS (ChiropteraK 
The Chiroptera or Bats are the only true flying Mam- 
mals. In the Flying Lemur, just mentioned, in the Flying 
Squirrel and the Flying Phalanger (Petaurus)^ from Australia 
and New Guinea, the membrane along the body merely serves 
as parachute. In the Bats the fingers of the hands are enor- 
mously elongated (see skeletons) and are united by a thin 
