I 101 ] 
in profusion on the local coral reels, e.g. at Blakaiig Mali. 
A, pachychidos has thick finger-like lobes, -4. kftoclados thin 
ones, whiis^ A. murale has wall-like Sobes, as the name signifies. 
Similar forms are Stirafphyium, Spongodes and iW'phthytu all of 
which are exhibited. A well-known form is the Organ-pipe 
Coral {Tubipora muska) with its deep red colour. Here each of 
the polyps^s enclosed by a calcareous tube, all the polyps being 
arranged parallel to each other and being held together by 
transverse platforms. HeUopora forms lobed masses and can 
always be recognized by its blue colour. It occurs on the local 
reefs. The Red Coral (6'cm///f/m mtbite), precious coral of 
commerce, is found in the Mediterranean, whilst allied species 
are known from the coast of Timor and Japan. All these corals 
have a calcareous skeleton. But there are other corals with a 
horny one, and the genus his forms an interesting transition, 
as its skeleton is partly horny and partly calcareous. Those 
with a purely horny skeleton are the Sea-Fans {Gorgonia and 
Rhipidigorgki)^ the bush-Hke Pkxtiura antipafhes^ and the comb- 
like Cietwcello, Strange Un>king forms are the Sea-Pens 
Pienudes and Petimlitlu which grow in bilaterally symmetrical 
colonies. They consist oF a stalk with leaf-iike processes which 
carry the polyps. Imbedded in the fleshy substance of stalk 
and leaves are calcareons rays and spicules. Sea Pens are 
found in all depths, with their stalks imbedded in muddy or 
sandy bottom. A most remarkable organism is Umbi'lhdii which 
has so far been obtained only from the deep-sea, in 200 to 2500 
fathoms. It has a long and thin stalk with a crown of long 
jjolyps on its npper end. The stalk is always swollen near 
its lower end. The specimen exhibited was obtained from a 
telegraph cable, at a depth of 350 fathoms, off Dana (New) 
Island, lat. lo 51' S., long, 12 J if K, and presented by Mr. Ladds 
in 1904- It is 26 inches in height. 
The HexacoraUia or Zmnthann have typically six tent- 
acles and six mesenteries, or a multiple of that number, though 
there are various exceptions from that rule. They include the 
Sea Anemones, most reef-building Corals and the Black Corals, 
or Fleshy, Stony and Horny Corals respectively. The Sea 
Anemones have no skeleton. They are generally solitary. One 
of the colonial forms is Palylhoa in which the polyps are held 
together by a root-like crust. A specimen from Teluk Ayer is 
exhibited. 
The vast majority of the Stony Corals form colonies or 
stocks. The iM)lyps which compose these stocks arc of greatly 
