PHYTOGEOGRAPHY OF MANOA VALLEY, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS 57 1 
including both weeds and economics. The native vegetation is poor 
in species and quantitatively insignificant. This condition is in 
striking contrast with that of the rain-forest, only a few miles distant, 
where the vegetation is almost wholly endemic or indigenous, and 
where the introduced element is practically negligible. 
Some of the larger and dominant plants of the valley floor (aside 
from those actually under cultivation), are: Prosopis juliflora, Opuntia 
Fig. 5. View of Ivlanoa bliccim and east valley wall. Looking toward head of 
valley, which may be seen faintly through the rain. Trees in mid-ground are Kiawe, 
Prosopsis juliflora. 
m'egacantha, Leucaena glauca, Lantana Camara, Psidium Guayava, 
Xanthium strumarium, Ricinus communis, Indigojera Anil, Malvastrum 
tricuspidatum, Cassia spp., Sida spp.. Acacia Farnensiana, Ipomoea 
spp., Commelina nudiflora, Crotalaria spp., Eugenia Jambolana, 
Stachytarpheta dichotoma, Solanum Sodomeum, etc. 
Manoa has been inhabited by the native Hawaiians since very 
early times. Much of the lower floor was occupied by their tiny 
plantations or kuleanas. The kalo or taro (Colocasia antiquorum 
