SUMATRA. 
quiefced in general in the contmuance of the eftablifhed mode of go- 
i688i Vernnient^ and a queen accordingly fuccecded in 1688. But this did 
not 
bourhood of them, and «tideavour«il to obftni^l the coontry people from carrying pepper to 
them, or fupplymg them with pro^-ilions cither by fea or land. Our intcnrfts however ia the end 
prevailed, and BencooJcn ia parti ctiiar, to wfaich the other pJaceg were rendered fubordiaate in 
16S6, begat! to acquire fome degree of vjji^or and refpeU ability, in f6Sg encouragement was 
giTcn to Cbinefe coionitts to iettle there, whofe number have been contmu&lly encrealiog from 
that time. In 1691 the l>irtich felt fbc lofs <if their jn ft ocuoa ar Selebar and other of the fou- 
ehem countries, vhere they attempted to ciert ani(horhy ra tbfi name of the fuliau of Bantam ^ 
and the produce offhefe pbccs was delivered to the Eogljfl;. Tlirs revolution proceeded from 
the works with which about tiits time our faQior)' yi-<is itrcn^tHcited. Tn 1695 a fettlemcnt was 
made at Triamo}tgt and c^vo years after, at Cattoiifn and Sallat, The firft, in the year 1 700, was 
^ removed to S&ntah Various appTicationa were made by* the natures in dilTereat pajta of the 
iHaad, for the ctlabliftimcnt of fa€tories, particularly fro'm^'fr Bo^gfj to the north ivard, Palem- 
^djrj^ on the eallern fide, and the people from die couatnej fouth of TatlOf near MuhhU. A 
perToa was fent to furvey thefc hfl, as far as Pooh P^fa^'^ arid 'Cri);V, in 17 " In confeqdertcfc 
of the inconvenience attending thc'ffilppSng oSF goocls from Bencoolen river, which is often im- 
pradicablc from tlie furfs, a waiehoufe was built, in 1 701, at a place they called the co'Vi -, which 
gave the firft idea of removing the fettlcment lo the point of land which foi4ns the bay of Beacoo- 
Icn. The iicklinefs of 'the old fituation wns thought to render iliis ari cSpcdieflt flop j and ac- 
cordingly about 1714, it was in great meafitre rel in (julflied and the fouodaftion* of Fort Mai^L- 
borOugh wtt c Jiii'd uu » IjMjt tw? g'r tkite mElet dtftacie. B<fhig a liigh platn it was judged to poffeft 
confiderable advantages ; many of which, however, are counterbalanced by its want of t!ic vieinity 
ef a river ; fb neeefiary for the ready and plentiful fupply of provifions. Some progrcfs had been 
made in the creftioD of this fort, when an accident iiappened, that had nearly overfet the Com- 
pany's views. The ctruntry people rncenfed at i!l trrarment received from t^w Europeans, who 
were then b*jl little verfed in the fenOTs-ledge of their diiptjfitions, or the art of managing tliem by 
eonelliating methbda, rofe tn a body in the year 1719, and forced the garrifon, wlwfc igritoi-ant 
fears rendered ihem ptecipitaie, to feek refuge on board tlicir ft»ip9. They began now to feel 
alarms leaH the Dutch fhoulJ take advantage of the abfence of the Englilli, and foon permitted 
fitme peribns ffom the northern faftortes, to refettle the place ; atidfupplies ariving from Madi^ 
thinp returned to thdr former courfc, and the fort was com pka ted. The Company's affiirs 
cn ilri* coal! remained in tranquility for a number of years. The important fettlcment of Natal 
was cftablifhcd in 17^*, and that of Tappanooly a Ihort time afterwerd* ; which involved the 
Englifhin fre/h difputea with the Dutch, who fet up a claim to the counny in which they arc 
fitiiaied. In the year 1 760 the French, under Comte d'Eftaign, deHroycd all the Englifh fet- 
tlcments on the coaft of Sumatra i but they were foon re-eftabltflaed, and our polTcffion fccurcd 
by the treaty of Paris in 1763. Fort Marlboro^igh, which had been hitherto a peculiar fubordi- 
nateof Fort St. George, was now formed into aa indcpendant Piefidency, and was fumiflicd with 
a charter for ere£ling a Mayor's court, but which has never been enforced. In 17S1 a detachment 
of Military from thence, embarked upon five Eaft India llups, took poCefTion of Padang amd 
all 
