20 
Malaria is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. We do not 
have this mosquito. We have enough without him ; but we have 
all the conditions suitable for his life and for his rapid increase 
if he ever gets here. 
Cholera is a water and food borne disease, but it is so readily 
controlled and its incubation period is so short that it is not a 
source of grave danger to this Territory ; yet, you had an epi- 
demic of cholera, I think when Hon. W. O. Smith was President 
of the Board of Health, which claimed only 63 victims and cost 
$80,000; and this did not include the loss to commerce. I men- 
tion this simply to cite facts, and show how expensive these dis- 
eases can be when they once get a start. 
In any sane community with a good sane medical fraternity 
to teach, preach and practice the doctrine, faith and works of 
vaccination, smallpox can never gain a foothold, yet when it 
came to this community first, it cost you -an enormous amount to 
get rid of it, and there is no history of any other epidemic that 
claimed as many victims. I speak of this simply to urge upon 
you gentlemen, when the time comes, to submit your children to 
vaccination, and use your influence in its favor in order that the 
present high standard of health may be maintained and the spread 
of smallpox avoided. 
Yellow fever is transmitted from man to man by the Stygomia 
mosquito and only through that agency. During the first three 
days of your disease with yellow fever, you are infectious. After 
that, you are not. This little stocking-leg mosquito with a white 
stripe down his back which is in every office in this Territory is 
the little instrument that conveys yellow fever from man to man. 
It is he who takes the poison from the individual in the early days 
of yellow fever and spreads it. That mosquito abounds in Hono- 
lulu. It breeds in the broken bottles and cans in your back yard, 
in the water cups that keep ants out of your refrigerator, and 
in the sink where the water drain comes from the gutter. It is 
always on the job during the day. And when the day shift goes 
off, another kind of mosquito, the night shift comes on. In 
order to protect us from these diseases. Uncle Sam has provided 
for us a most efficient defense, — our Federal Quarantine, but 
gentlemen, any quarantine that is absolutely efifective is proscrip- 
tive and prohibitive, and besides, just as your health officer can- 
not isolate and quarantine a case of malaria, so your quarantine 
officer cannot quarantine and disinfect a ship for malaria or what 
is worse, a malaria mosquito. 
Some day an Anopheles mosquito will enter this city, and he 
^vill then have found indeed a Paradise of the Pacific. All the 
conditions are here for his rapid reproduction and everything is 
ready for him to begin an epidemic that will rival in its numbers 
destroyed, and I speak conservatively, the smallpox epidemic of 
some 27 years ago. 
