171 
are unfavorable for accomplishment upon the initiative of pro- 
ducers without such delay as would break the spirit of the small 
farmer of average enterprise. Both by individuals and communi- 
ties, this class is very much scattered throughout the islands and 
consequently those having a common shipping route either to any 
of the local markets or to the ports of exportation are in few cases 
strong enough in numbers to command things generally for their 
own advantage. 
Almost if not quite from its institution, civilized government 
in Hawaii has lent its power and prestige to the promotion and 
development of agriculture, and now under the grand condition 
of an absolutely free market for all products in the United States, 
of which this group is an integral part, there should be no excep- 
tion made with regard to the diversified crops for which there is 
constant demand at good prices not only on the mainland but in 
foreign countries, yet which available acreage and congenial soil 
and climate are only scantily and fitfully yielding because of 
various obstacles that are well within the power of the little com- 
monwealth to overcome or remove. Chief among the drawbacks 
to be conquered are the lack of colonization or homestead roads, 
adequate and efficient water transportation at fair rates and a 
proper system of marketing of which the promise has instigated 
these remarks. 
Sundry new industries, it is true, have distanced paternalism in 
the race toward the goal, but these are in the category of produc- 
tion of world market commodities, which, to be profitable, calls for 
output on a comparatively large scale — such as cotton, rubber, 
cofYee, preserved fruits, etc. Yet even in the case of these, there 
is large scope for improvement in the matter of facilities for 
transportation available to some existing plantations, while all 
three great requisites above mentioned are wanting throughout 
the islands in such degree fts undoubtedly keeps untold expanses 
of suitable land from immediate tillage. Other legislation of last 
session bears more or less practically upon the great needs of 
diversified agriculture besides marketing essentials. Let us hope 
that there will be no avoidable delay in bringing any of these 
development measures into complete fruitage. 
WORK OF THE TERRITORIAL TEACHERS' ASSOCIA- 
TION FOR igio-ii. 
The Territorial Teachers' Association of Hawaii has a long 
and creditable record of endeavor. During the many years of 
its activity it has interested itself in all matters pertaining to the 
upbuilding of an efficient school system. It has been a potent 
factor in constantly raising the ideals of service of the teaching 
l)rofession of Hawaii. 
The long continued existence of the body is "a, strong indica- 
tion of the right professional spirit among the teachers," and this 
