io7 
have  done.  0)ne-half  of  all  the  $ugar  land  in  the  Territory  has 
been  reclaimed  at  great  expense  by  irrigation  works,  and  you 
know  that  is  the  most  productive  land.  You  know  how  much 
more  productive  taro  land  is,  which  is  irrigated,  than  kula  land, 
which  is  not  irrigated.  N,ow,  if  we  can  get  the  United  States 
to  extend  its  reclamation  service  to  these  islands,  we  can  prob- 
ably bring  under  cultivation  100,000  acres  of  land  which  is  now 
practically  useless.  This  land  will  go  a good  deal  further  than 
land  which  is  not  irrigated,  because  it  will  produce  so  much 
more  that  each  person  will  not  need  so  large  a tract.  It  will 
also  be  much  easier  and  less  expensive  to  open  it,  because  it 
is  now  comparatively  free  from  rocks  and  from  forest  and  it 
will  be  comparatively  inexpensive  to  construct  the  roads.  But 
it  may  be  that,  in  order  to  bring  this  about,  we  shall  have  to 
do  something  in  the  way  of  a hydrographic  or  water  survey, 
which  is  preliminary  to  reclamation  work.  It  is  the  practice 
for  the  Federal  Government  to  help  the  different  States  and  Ter- 
ritories in  the  matter  of  a hydrographic  survey  when  they  also 
contribute  to  that  work.  It  is  comparatively  inexpensive  and 
if  we  can  contribute  something  for  that  work  we  will  probably 
receive  help  in  that  line  from  the  Federal  Government,  and  be- 
sides we  shall  receive  benefits  in  many  ways  which  will  come 
from  that.  It  will  show  us  what  water  we  have,  where  it  is, 
how  it  can  be  got  at  and  how  it  can  be  utilized  for  the  various 
purposes  for  which  it  is  needed. 
This  is  not  all.  We  need  not  only  more  land  but  we  need 
to  know  what  to  do  with  the  land,  what  kind  of  crops  to  raise 
on  it,  how  to  cultivate  it,  how  to  make  the  best  use  of  it. 
Many  people  seem  to  think  that  almost  any  one  can  farm.  But 
this  is  a day  of  scientific  farming.  It  requires  the  scientist  to 
ascertain  what  kind  of  crops  can  be  raised,  to  analyze  the  soil, 
to  experiment  with  crops  from  different  parts  of  the  world  to 
find  out  where  the  best  seed  can  be  obtained  and  how  it  can  be1 
obtained,  to  instruct  the  people  how  to  cultivate.  Any  one 
going  about  these  islands  can  see  how  much  need  there  is  of 
scientific  investigation  and  instruction. 
We  have  but  to  look  at  the  planters’  experiment  station  to 
get  a lesson  in  this  respect.  There  is  an  experiment  station, 
perhaps  the  finest  private  experiment  station  in  the  world, 
maintained  at  an  expense  of  $70,000  a year,  but  saving  the 
planters  or  making  for  the  planters  probably  several  million 
dollars  a year  through  their  experiments  and  investigations 
which  cover  not  only  these  subjects  to  which  I have  just  re- 
ferred, but  the  combatting  of  the  insects  and  diseases  and 
pests  of  one  kind  and  another.  We  need  something  in  that 
direction  for  the  small  producer.  We  want  to  enable  him  to 
profit  by  scientific  investigation  and  instruction  just  as  much 
as  the  sugar  planters  are  profiting  through  their  experiment 
