287 
F.  SILVESTRI. 
A Survey  of  the  Actual  Stale  of  Agricultural  Entomology  in  the 
United  States  of  North  America. 
Extracts  from  “Reprint  from  the  Bulletin  of  the  Society  of 
Italian  Agriculturists.”  Vol.  XIV,  No.  8,  April  30,  1909. 
Translated  from  the  Italian  by  J.  Rosenstein. 
* * * * For  the  same  purpose  (inspection  of  live  vege- 
table imports)  principally,  the  Territorial  government  of  Hawaii 
maintains  an  entomological  station  at  Honolulu  with  three  tech- 
nical employees.  * * * 
Before  closing  the  enumeration  of  laboratories  I wish  to  record 
that  in  Honolulu  besides  the  Territorial  laboratory  with  three 
entomologists,  and  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  with  two 
entomologists,  there  exists  also  a private  one  forming  part  of 
the  experiment  station  of  the  Hawaiian  Sugar  Planters'  Associa- 
tion. This  laboratory  has  six  entomologists,  among  them  the 
most  able  systematise  R.  C.  L.  Perkins,  and  Albert  Koebele,  the 
ablest  seeker  of  insect  parasites.  This  one  costs  annually  not 
less  than  $28,000  and  keeps  even  now  two  traveling  entomolo- 
gists, one  in  Europe  and  one  in  Malaysia,  for  the  purpose  of  col- 
lecting insect  parasites.  It  also  publishes  an  interesting  bulletin 
of  which  the  second  volume  has  just  been  completed. 
With  this  last  admirable  example  of  what  enlightened  private 
associations  also  undertake  in  order  to  be  prepared  to  combat  in- 
jurious insects,  I believe  I have  enumerated  almost  all  the  in- 
stitutes and  laboratories  which  are  occupied  in  the  United  States 
with  the  safeguarding  of  an  extremely  rich  and  varied  agricul- 
tural production  from  the  attacks  of  hostile  animals.  In  sum- 
ming up  I will  state  that  about  200  persons  are  occupied  there  in 
agricultural  entomology  and  that  federal  and  state  governments 
spend  for  the  maintenance  of  laboratories  in  the  neighborhood 
of  $800,000.  If  we  add  to  this  what  the  state  of  New  Jersey  and 
other  states  spend  for  the  extermination  of  mosquitoes  we  arrive 
at  the  enormous  sum  of  $1,200,000.  * * * 
NATURAL  METHODS  OF  CONTROL.1 
The  method  of  fighting  is  called  natural  when  other  living 
beings  are  used  to  fight  injurious  insects.  Of  these,  however,  up 
to  now  insects  alone  are  known,  and  very  partially  at  that,  to  be 
effective. 
1 The  whole  bibliography  on  this  subject  will  be  given  when  I shall 
republish  this  note  with  illustrations  which  I hope  to  do  before  long. 
