30i 
iceryae,  Baly)  and  sent  them  to  Nelson,  where  a large  part  of  them 
arrived  alive  and  were  placed  under  a tent  with  scalebugs.  Few 
days  after  a strong  wind  carried  away  the  tent  and  nothing  seems 
to  be  known  about  the  result  of  this  introduction. 
ICERYA  PURCHASI  IN  SOUTH  AFRICA. 
I believe  that  the  time  when  Icerya  was  introduced  into  Cape 
Colony  is  not  well  known,  but  it  existed  there  already  in  1887. 
Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  it  had  been  fought  there  by  an 
indigenous  coccinellid  {Rod alia  iceryae ) is  still  continued  to 
spread  and  to  attack  quite  extensively  the  citrus  and  other  plants 
when  the  government  of  the  colony  applied  first  to  Australia  and 
then  to  New  Zealand  for  specimens  of  Novius,  but  without  suc- 
cess. It  then  asked  the  Department  of  Agriculture  of  the  United 
States. 
This  had  a number  of  them  collected  in  1891  and  sent  from 
California,  but  the  Novius  arrived  at  Cape  Town  all  dead. 
In  the  same  year  Thomas  Louw  came  to  the  United  States  as 
member  of  the  legislative  assembly  of  Cape  Town  com- 
missioned among  other  things  to  secure  living  specimens  of 
Novius.  He  took  three  boxes  containing  Novius  in  various  states 
of  development,  keeping  one  in  the  refrigerator  and  the  others  in 
his  own  cabin  to  be  restocked  with  Icerya.  He  succeeded  in 
bringing  them  to  the  Cape  alive  where  they  were  favorably  placed 
so  as  to  protect  them  from  inimical  causes. 
In  1892  Koebele,  having  returned  to  Australia  in  search  of 
other  parasites,  sent  another  invoice  of  Novius  to  the  Cape.  The 
result  in  this  country  was  identical  with  that  in  California. 
ICERYA  PURCHASI  IN  THE  HAWAIIAN  ISLANDS. 
Icerya  was  introduced  to  the  Hawaiian  Islands  in  the  vicinity 
of  Honolulu  in  the  spring  or  summer  of  1889  probably  with 
fruit  from  California  and  was  observed  for  the  first  time  in 
September  of  the  same  year.  In  April,  1890,  its  damage  was 
noticed  for  the  first  time  and  then  A.  Jaeger  wrote  to  California 
for  Novius  which  were  sent  to  Honolulu,  where  they  arrived  in 
good  condition  and  multiplied  so  well  that  in  November  of  the 
same  year  Jaeger  was  not  able  to  find  any  Icerya  to  feed  the 
Novius  which  he  was  raising  in  cages.  In  September,  1908,  I 
also  was  able  to  ascertain  that  Icerya  had  become  a real  entomo- 
logical rarity  in  the  surroundings  of  Honolulu. 
ICERYA  PURCHASI  IN  FLORIDA. 
In  1894  a nurseryman  introduced  Icerya  from  California  to 
Florida  and  although  he  had  brought  Novius  with  it  which  he  in- 
tended to  acclimatize  in  the  hope  that  it  might  be  equally  active 
