KASHMIR. 25 
or four days use, were carried by one porter, with a 
second man to carry my mercurial barometer and to 
relieve the first on steep roads, and thus enable me to 
keep my apparatus along with me during the march. 
One of my own servants, who always accompanied me 
with a large botanical case to take charge of the 
plants I collected, had been instructed in unpacking 
and arranging my dark tent and chemicals, and when- 
ever T wanted to take a picture this man got every- 
thing ready, whilst I selected the point of view and 
arranged the camera. The time occupied in halting 
to take a photograph was seldom over an hour, and 
twenty minutes more were required to do a second 
one. The great difficulty of working on the march is 
that one's chemicals sometimes get out of order, and 
the nitrate bath persistently refuses to work. To avoid 
this the best way is to have three baths, one in use, 
and two in reserve, and to use one until it gets out 
of order; it should then be replaced by one of the 
others until a halt is made, when it may either be 
remedied or thrown away, and a fresh one com- 
pounded. Above 15,000 feet I found it very difficult 
to work, as the collodion often boiled the moment 
the stopper was removed from the bottle ; at other 
times the water used for washing the plate would 
freeze and destroy the picture. 
At Srmagar — altitude 5200 feet — we found it 
necessary to halt for several days to complete our 
outfit ; our tents had all to be lined with woollen 
cloth. These tents were each about six feet wide, 
by six to ten feet long, and some of them had an 
awning in front which could be let down to keep off 
the wind. Our servants had all to be provided with 
