LA DAK. 
61 
valley into the Shyok river. This valley, four miles 
above Tankse, is very narrow, and has vertical walls 
of rock, several hundred feet high, on either side, and 
very much resembles the Jhelum valley below Bara- 
mulla, where a rocky barrier of immense height has 
been worn through by the Jhelum river. 
At Chagra we met an officer returning from a 
shooting excursion to the Chang Chenmo valley, in 
search of wild Yak ; and who had met with fair success. 
He was accompanied by his wife, who seemed to 
stand roughing it wonderfully well. We all dined 
together, and passed a very pleasant evening. 
Some of the nomadic Tibetans, who roam about 
with their flocks and live in black tents made of Yak's 
hair, were reported to be encamped a few miles above 
Chagra ; and as T had never seen one of these camps, 
I went out in search of this, but probably went 
up the wrong valley, for I failed to find it. Through- 
out Ladak, but particularly amongst these nomads, 
there is a very fine breed of large dogs, with long, 
shaggy hair ; they are not unlike the English collie, 
except that they are of much larger size. They are 
usually very savage, and are kept for the purpose of 
protecting the flocks from wild animals. The large 
droves of sheep which are employed to carry borax 
from Ladak to the Kulu valley, are always accom- 
panied by several of these dogs ; and when a traveller 
approaches one of the encampments, the women rush 
out and sit on the heads of the dogs until the traveller 
has passed clear of the camp. These dogs are rather 
difficult to obtain, and a good one often fetches about 
10/., I believe. They do not thrive on the plains of 
India, soon losing their long hair, and seldom sur- 
