SANJU TO Y ARK AND. 
Ill 
of Sanju, but as this could not be done openly, I con- 
ducted all the manipulations by candle-light inside my 
tent, and when ready to expose the plate, lifted up a 
portion of the roof of the tent. In this way I could 
get a picture without anyone knowing what I was ^ 
about. My first attempts, however, were not very 
successful. 
Each village in Yarkand has a market once a week, 
and many of the villages have no doubt originated 
from these weekly markets ; in fact eight miles from 
Yarkand city we saw a village in embryo at Yangi 
Bazar — i.e., new market. 
I noticed a species of wagtail very common here. 
It was called soon^ gocli, and is said to remain all the 
year round. A lark called togai, and the black Hill- 
crow of India, called kagha, were also common. 
I was told that silk is largely produced around 
Khoten, three or four marches to the east of Sanju, 
but neither at Sanju nor at any other village did I see 
many mulberry trees, called zliuma, and those seen, 
except on one occasion, did not bear the marks of 
having been lopped for feeding silkworms. 
The very hearty reception we met with at Sanju 
showcjd that the Yarkandis intended to treat us 
well ; and throughout our sojourn in the country our 
impression was confirmed of their being extremely 
hospitable people. In fact, their hospitality was 
quite overpowering. 
On August 17th we marched twenty-five miles, to 
Koshtak. We first had to ford the Sanju river, and 
a mile beyond we left the cultivation, and entered an 
undulating desert of blown sand, in which almost 
the only plants noticed were small bushes of CalliyO' 
