180 ORNITHOLOGY. 
15"5 ; wings when closed reach to within 1"5 of end of tail. 
Legs and feet nearly black ; bill bluish ; irides brown. 
lA. 0. H.] 
]99. Cuculus canorus (Linn.). 
The common Cuckoo was met with on the upward 
journey in May and June, along the whole road from Jamu 
up to the Banihal Pass, and thence, via Srmagar and the 
Sind Valley, to the Zoji-la Pass, where the last specimen 
was seen, chanting its " note of dread to husbands^ ears 
from a budding birch- tree, close to the snow, and at an 
elevation of some 11,000 feet. Beyond this it was neither 
seen nor heard, either in Ladak or Yarkand, and by the 
time the Expedition reached Kashmir on its return the 
Cuckoo had departed for the plains of India. [G. H.^ 
243 {bis). Certhia familiaris* (Linn.). 
The Expedition met with this species in Kashmir, but 
nowhere else ; neither Ladak nor Yarkand, nor the inter- 
vening mountain deserts^ are favourable to the existence of 
tree-haunting species. \_G. H.~\ . 
Adams says that C. himalayana is common in Kashmir ; 
* Cefthia familiaris, Linn. 
Dimensions. — Male. Length, 5'4; expanse, 8; wing, 2*6; bill, along 
curve, 0"6 ; tail, 2 5 ; tarsus, 0*6. 
Description. — Bill blackish-brown, j^ellowish- white at base of lower 
mandible ; legs and feet fleshy-brown ; claws yellowish, horny. 
Plumage. — Crown darkish brown, with broad central fulvous or 
brownish-white streaks ^ nape, back, and scapulars paler brown, the 
feathers still more broadly centred with dull yellowish-white ; the rump 
pale ferruginous. The quills hair-brown, paler on the inner webs, most 
of them tipped whitish, and all but the exterior two or three quills with 
a broad band of pale dingy ferruginous, and most of the quills with a 
yellowish tinge on the outer webs towards the tip. The lesser coverts are 
mingled light and dark brown and fulvous white; the secondary coverts 
are brown, tipped with dull white on the outer web ; the primary coverts 
deep brown, with a similar but smaller spot at the tip. The tail is a pale 
yellowish-brown, duller and less yellow on the inner webs. A conspicuous 
white eye streak runs from near the nostril over the eye and ear-covert. 
The whole of the lower parts are silky, but not very pure white, slightly 
greyish on the sides and towards the vent. 
Female similar, but somewhat smaller, and slightly paler on the upper 
surface. O. JS.'] 
