DETAILED LIST OF BIRDS. 
275 
by me to refer to, but from notes which I made when going 
tlirough the work I feel almost confident that Bonaparte 
was wrong in identifying Pallas^s var. ^ C. oenaSy var. 
rupicola dauriea, with T. gelasliSjTemm. {Gelastes, apud Bp. 
et auct.). I cannot make out how the mistake occurred, 
but, according to my notes, Pallas both figures and describes 
under the head of C. rupicola the species already noticed as 
Columba rupestris, Bonap., a Pigeon, and not a dove, though 
Bonaparte says the contrary. Having called attention to 
this point, I must leave European ornithologists (who possess 
the inestimable advantages of large libraries to consult) to 
settle this point. But whether T, rupicola and T. gelastis 
are or are not identical, I do not think that our Himalayan 
and Indian bird can be identified with either, at any rate 
if these are held distinct from the European T. auritus. 
I subjoin comparative measurements of the Indian and 
European bird, as well as of T. gelastis, from both Japan 
and the Amur : — 
Turtur 
vitticollis, 
Hodgs. ex 
Ind. 
Turtur 
gelastis, 
ex 
Faun. Jap. 
Turtur 
gelastis, 
ex V. dea. 
A. L. 
Sehrenk. 
Turtur 
auritus, 
ex 
Eur. et 
Yark. 
Mid- toe to root of claw . 
12 to 14 
7 to 7-55 
5 to 5-5 
0-6 to 0-75 
0-9 to 0-1 
0-95 to 1-02 
0-3 to 0-4 
11-7 
7-43 
6-1 
0-59 
0-85 
0-96 
0-28 
7-35 to 7-67 
5-11 to 6-3 
0-67 
1 to 1-05 
l'05to 1*17 
0-25 to 0-27 
11 to 11-3 
6-8 to 7-1 
4-75 to 5-25 
0-7 to -75 
0-8 to 0-85 
0-95 
0-25 
The European bird, it will be seen, is, on the whole, the 
smallest, although it has the longest bill ; but T, gelastis 
and T, vitticollis differ quite as much, so far as mere measure- 
ments go, as do the former and T. auritus. Moreover, 
unless of each race or species the same large series of both 
sexes were carefully measured in the flesh, in the same way 
that I have measured our Indian bird, one could, even 
supposing mere differences in size sufficient to constitute a 
distinct species, scarcely arrive at any definite conclusion. 
But in regard to plumage, certain differences between the 
three races seem constant, our Indian bird holding, so far 
T 2 
