J^A>'UAUY, 1902. MO.XKOE HAMILTON FOSSILS FROM BETHAiNY, N. Y. 
61 
a larger aggregation includ'mgF.conslricfa-cojiiuta-eriensis-intcr- 
aspcra-ranwsa-spiiiulifera-iitriciihis and others; and the group 
of species inchided under the genus Lioclcma. Many of the 
specimens fall easily into their places under some of these specific 
names ; but a large number exhibit variations which make it diffi- 
cult to do more than to assign them to one or another of these 
groups and even throAV doubt upon the validity of some of the 
specific distinctions. The same individual may exhibit upon dif- 
ferent portions of its surface differences which have been given 
specific values. The specimens identified with Pinacotrypa 
bullata agree with the description of that species in every respect 
except in their manner of growth, having a solid zoarium, with 
cells opening on all sides. Three entirely distinct forms, with 
very oblique openings, have with some hesitation been identified 
as FisUilipora foUacca, F. huroncnsis and F. inihricella — the hesi- 
tation somewhat increased by Nickles and Basslcr's declaration 
that the last named species is unrecognizable. 
In respect to the genus Lioclcma the authorities last named 
suggest a doubt as to the validity of the numerous distinctions 
recognized by Hall and Simpson. This doubt does not always srem 
to be entirely justified. It is not difficult to distinguish quite a num- 
ber of the forms described, though it may, perhaps, be a question 
whether they ought to be designated as species or merely as vari- 
€t'es. Indeed there is a temptation to add to the number a beauti- 
ful form, apparently different from any so far described, with 
excessively small apertures and mesopores, monticules with sterile 
centers occupied by mesopores, the adjacent apertures streaming 
off in rows and diminishing in size as they recede from the center, 
the peristomes both of zooecia and mesopores cro wned with minute 
spines. 
There is a difference between the Theclford and Bethany fossils 
of this group *n the preservation of surface characters. Speci- 
mens from the former locality frequently have a glazed appearance, 
with the zooecial apertures and vesicular openings closed by a cal- 
careous deposit. 
Among the slender, rod-like forms of Bryoaoa several exam- 
ples were collected at Bethany, fragmentary for the most part, 
and generally only one or two of a k'nd. The determination of 
these forms has not always been satisfactory, and is mainly 
limited to the genera. Many fragments of Fencstcllidae were also 
collected, but no attempt has been made to give them names. 
In the subjoined I'st Nickles and Bassler's Synopsis has been 
followed in respect to the Bryozoa, with the exception that species 
which are by them assigned to FisUilipora, w'th the suggestion 
