TEE BIRDS OF WISCONSIN. 
85 
fence when butchering. He saw the bird plainly on two or 
three occasions when he did not have a gun. This was in 
Jefferson County. A specimen was also taken near Ashland 
in 1880. Deer hunters from northern Wisconsin report seeing 
specimens, but very rarely. During severe winters they are 
sometimes seen about lumber camps. A pine-land hunter, with 
whom we were acquainted, said he had seen perhaps a half 
dozen in all his experience of many years in northern 
Wisconsin. 
Cyanocitta cristata (Mnn.). BLUE JAY. 
Abundant throughout the entire year over the greater part 
of the state. One of the most familiar of birds; as much at 
home in towns and cities, as in the deepest woods. More 
common in the settled portions of the south and central parts of 
the state than in the pine region. 
Perisoreus canadensis (Linn.). CANADA JAY. 
Common and very familiar about the logging camps of 
northern Wisconsin during winter. Apparently does not 
extend its migration far outside of the pine regions, especially 
at the present time. It has been taken at Racine (Hoy), near 
Jefferson (T. Kumlien), and Tanesville, but many years ago. 
There does not seem to be very good evidence that it is a sum- 
mer resident in any part of the state ; still it would not be at all 
surprising if it should be found nesting. Commonly known as 
"Whiskey Jack," and "camp-robber." 
Corvus corax principalis Rulgw. NORTHERN RAVEN. 
Steadily decreasing in numbers, but yet rather a common 
species in the less settled portions of northern Wisconsin. 
Dr. Hoy, in 1852, gave it as more numerous than the next at 
Racine. It has always been considered as more common along 
Lake Michigan than in the interior, except in the northern part 
of the state. Nelson found it a rare winter visitant in north- 
eastern Illinois in 1876, but states that it was formerly "not an 
uncommon resident." King gives it as "common the whole 
length of the Flambeau River, October and November, 1877, 
several seen daily." Willard reports but one specimen from 
Brown County, and Gruntvig one from Outagamie County, 
in 1882. Grundtvig, on the authority of residents, states that 
it was formerly common in that county. Thirty to forty years 
ago the raven was not a rare winter visitant to southern 
