THE BIRDS OF WISCONSIN. 
103 
Cyanospiza cyanea (Linn,). INDIGO BUNTING. 
An abundant summer resident, sharing with the little yellow- 
warbler the right to nest in any clump of bushes bordering on, 
or in the woods. The female is exceedingly shy and retired, 
but the male loves to sit for hours at the top of some tall tree 
standing a short distance from the brush, and there repeatedly 
sing his dainty notes. 
Spir.a si in erica 11 a (GmeL). DICKCISSEL. 
A common summer resident, sometimes almost abundant. 
The dickcissel seems to be a very erratic bird. In some parts 
of the state it is rather ucnertain or rare, while in other districts 
it is in certain years really abundant. It was formerly rare in 
Walworth County, for instance, but in the season of 1901 was 
one of the most common of roadside birds, a male sitting every 
few rods along favorable highways. For the past ten years, in 
this county, the species has been on the increase. Taking the 
state at large also it is much more abundant generallv than 
thirty to forty years ago. Two broods are very likely reared 
in a summer, as we have found eggs in June, and young, only 
recently from the nest, in September. 
FAMILY TANAGRID/E: TANAGERS. 
Plranga ludoviciana (Wils.). LOUISIANA TANAGER. 
During the latter part of May, 1877, Thure Kumlien found 
this species nesting within a few rods of the Kumlien home- 
stead in Jefferson County. Nest, eggs and parents were 
secured, and are now preserved in the Museum of the State 
University at Madison. The nest was not especially different 
from that of P. erythromelas, and was placed well out on a 
horizontal branch of a large white oak. This is without doubt 
the easternmost breeding record for the species, although 
stragglers are reported even from New England. A second 
male was procured the next June (1878); and in July. 1891, 
another, also an adult male, was shot in the same locality by 
L. Kumlien. 
Piranga erj thromelas Vieill. SCARLET TANAGER. 
A common summer resident. Arrives early in May in 
almost perfect plumage, and nests in all suitable woods, seem- 
ing to prefer the borders of oak groves, even along the road- 
