A Classification of the Varieties of Cultivated Oats 137 
green and barely glaucous at period of full heading, 20-25 mm. long, 
usually 9-nerved, in some cases 8-nerved; grains gray to yellowish gray, 
plump, conspicuously striped, outer grains 15-18 mm. long, short -pointed: 
lemma of the outer grain glabrous, with 7 conspicuous nerves; awns 
numerous in the panicle, twisted, and usually geniculate; basal hairs 
usually present, few or numerous, 1-4 mm. long, weak; rhachilla of the 
outer grain short (1.5-2.5 mm.), usually carrying a few weak hairs. Plants 
8-10 dm. tall; extremely late in maturing. 
Specimens of the variety Winter Turf were found under the following 
additional names: Dewey, Gray Winter, Oregon Gray, Silvermine, Sonoma, 
Virginia Gray Winter, Winter Turf Selection. 
Culberson (Plate XI, 2, and fig. 24). — Culms similar to those of C. I. 606, 
but hairy near the nodes; sheaths, leaves, panicles, spikelets, and glumes 
similar to those of Winter Turf, except that the margins of the leaves 
are usually glabrous or only sparingly ciliate, and the glumes are more 
commonly 8-nerved than 9-nerved; grains white to yellowish white, elon- 
gate, outer grains 15-18 mm. long, long-pointed; lemma of the outer grain 
glabrous, with 7 obscure nerves; awns usually present, usually twisted, 
frequently geniculate; basal hairs few and weak, 1-3 mm. long, often 
wanting; rhachilla of the outer grain 2-3 mm. long, usually glabrous, 
hairs if present few, short, and weak. Plants 8-10 dm. tall; medium 
early in maturing. 
A specimen of the variety Culberson was found under the name Burt. 
Black Norway (Plate XI, 3, and fig. 25.) — Culms erect in early growth, 
large, stiff, glabrous; sheaths dark green and glaucous at period of full head- 
ing; leaves colored as the sheaths, medium wide, margins glabrous or sparsely 
ciliate; panicles broad, stiff, the branches ascending; spikelets 2-grained, 
seldom 3-grained; glumes dark green and slightly glaucous at period of 
full heading, 20-25 mm. long, 9-10-nerved; grains brownish red to brown, 
plump, outer grains usually 14-17 mm. long, short-pointed; lemma of the 
outer grain glabrous, with 7 prominent nerves; awns usually present, 
usually twisted, seldom geniculate: basal hairs usually wanting, if present 
short (1-2 mm.), few, and weak; rhachilla of the outer grain short (2-2.5 
mm.), usually haired. Plants 9-12 dm. tall; late in maturing. 
Another specimen of the variety Black Norway carried the name White 
Schoenen. 
