A Classification of the Varieties of Cultivated Oats 141 
glumes dark green and slightly glaucous at period of full heading, 22-27 
mm. long, usually 9-nerved, in some cases 8-nerved; grains black or 
brownish black, elongate but well filled, outer grains usually 18-22 mm. 
long, rather short-pointed; lemma of the outer grain glabrous, with 7 
obscure nerves; awns usually present, twisted, sometimes geniculate; 
basal hairs seldom occurring, if present few, short (1—2 mm.), fine, and 
weak; rhachilla of the outer grain 2-3 mm. long, haired, the hairs long and 
stiff. Plants 8-10 dm. long, medium early in maturing. 
Black Diamond (Plate XIII, 1, and fig. 26). — Culms semi-erect in early 
growth, medium large, stiff, glabrous; sheaths dark green and glaucous at 
period of full heading; leaves colored as sheaths, rather narrow, margins 
glabrous except for the ciliate auricle; panicles long, wide-spreading, lax, 
the branches drooping from the middle outward ; spikelets usually 2-grained ; 
glumes dark green and glaucous at period of full heading, 20-25 mm. 
long, 9-nerved; grains black t@ brownish black, plump, outer grains 15-18 
mm. long, short-pointed; lemma of the outer grain, and frequently that 
of the inner grain, laterally beset with hairs, 7 obscure nerves; awns usually 
wanting; basal, hairs few to numerous, fine, short to medium long (1-3 
mm.); rhachilla of the outer grain short (1.5-2.5 mm.), usually carrying a 
few fine hairs. Plants 8-10 dm. tall; late in maturing. 
Monarch Selection (Plate XIII, 2, and fig. 26). — Culms erect in early 
growth, medium large, stiff, and hairy near the nodes; sheaths dark green 
and glaucous at period of full heading; leaves colored as the sheaths, nar- 
row, margins glabrous; panicles long, narrow, lax, the branches ascending; 
spikelets 2-3-grained; glumes dark green and slightly glaucous at period 
of full heading, rather short (18-22 mm.), 9-nerved; grains black, brownish 
black, or brownish red, glaucous, elongate, outer grains 15-19 mm. long, 
long-pointed; lemma of the outer grain glabrous, with 7 obscure nerves; 
awns usually wanting; basal hairs wanting or few, fine, weak, short (1-2 
mm.); rhachilla of the outer grain 2-3 mm. long, its hairs short and 
numerous. Plants 7-9 dm. tall; medium late in maturing. 
Joannette (Plate XIII, 3, and fig. 24). — Culms semi-erect in early growth, 
fine, stiff, glabrous ; sheaths light green and somewhat glaucous at period of 
full heading: leaves colored as the sheaths, narrow, margins glabrous; pani- 
cles fine, narrow, stiff, the branches ascending; spikelets usually 2-grained; 
glumes light green and barely glaucous at period of full heading, 20-25 
mm. long, usually 8-nerved, sometimes 7- or 9-nerved; grains black or 
