21 
DIVISION OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 
BEPORT OF TERRITORIAL VETERINARIAN, NOVEMBER, 1921. 
Honolulu, Hawaii, December 20, 1921. 
Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry, 
Honolulu, H. T. 
Gentlemen: I beg to submit herewith my report on the routine work 
of this Division for the month of November: 
TUBEECUL08IS CONTEOL. 
During the month a total of 373 head of cattle were tested, out of which 
number 352 were passed as free from disease and 21 condemned and 
branded. 
Besides the above testing post-mortem examinations were made on 
13 head of cattle condemned on previous tests, lesions of tuberculosis 
being found in every instance. 
HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA AND BOTULISM IN SWINE. 
Considerable work has been done during the month in controlling out- 
breaks of hemorrhagic septicemia and botulism in swine occurring in 
widely scattered areas on this Island. 
Early in these outbreaks, attention was directed to a peculiar condi- 
tion not observed before. The animals responded slightly or not at all 
to various strains of hemorrhagic septicemia and mixed infection vac- 
cines remained in a dormant and semi-comotose condition, refusing all 
feed in the advanced cases. Those just coming down with the disease 
showed difficulty in mastication and swallowing the feed, and in many 
cases exhibited a more or less complete paralysis of the hind quarters. 
The administration of a polyvalent botulinus anti-toxin to the more 
advanced cases did little more than prolong the life of the animal, but 
in those exhibiting first symptoms a marked curative effect was noticed. 
A few days ago a shipment of a special botulinus anti-toxin for this 
disease in swine was received and it is confidently expected that its 
use will check this affection in so far as biologies unaided by sanitation 
can do. 
In going through these various piggeries treating the animals and 
inspecting the premises, a great lack of, and in many instances, an en- 
tire absence of anything resembling sanitation is f orceably brought to 
the attention. The majority of hog raisers consider a hog able to live ' 
on any kind of food thrown to it, and under all kinds of filthy condi- 
tions. It is expected to live, thrive and reproduce on any kind of a 
ration, balanced or unbalanced, poor or rich, sweet or sour, and fer- 
menting, housed in ramshackle buildings, in small enclosures which soon 
become mud holes, wallowing in filth for the most part, and sleeping 
on cold, damp concrete floors) with no access to sun or light, in fact 
under conditions in which no other animal on the farm is expected to 
live and thrive. 
When it is considered that the domesticated hog is physiologically 
an unnatural animal in that it is bred for a superabundance of flesh and 
fat and the smallest possible bone, it is easily seen that it is readily 
susceptible to infectious and contagious diseases and also' to external 
and internal parasites. 
There can be little doubt that a large percentage of the loss to which 
the hog industry has been subjected through outbreaks of infectious 
diseases in the past as well as at the present time is mainly due to lack 
of proper care, diet and sanitation, and such losses will continue to occur 
in spite of all possible treatment. 
