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ritory of Hawaii valuable timber trees from the temperate zone 
with the idea of ultimately turning to economic account, through 
timber production, the upper slopes of the higher mountains of 
the Territory." Further, the plantings were to be made in areas 
that were either quite ^'without forest growth or incapable of 
being used to advantage for any form of agriculture, including 
grazing." The experiment was expected to show what species 
would thrive under the selected conditions, and it was hoped 
that extensive plantations of the successful species could then 
be made for the eventual production of commercially valuable 
timber. 
Sources of Seed 
The method of securing transplants and seed was outlined in 
the original plan as follows : 
(1) To plant seedlings and transplants obtained direct by 
mail or express from mainland nurseries; (2) to establish small 
local nurseries, at as high altitudes as practicable, in order to 
raise transplant and seedling stock from seed (such stock would 
have the advantage of acclimatization from the germ stage) ; 
(3) to do some direct sowing of seed in small seed spots in each 
experimental area (This being the least expensive method of 
afforestation, it was imperative that it be given a trial). 
Nurseries were ultimately established, in accordance with this 
plan, at Ukulele on Maui (4,800 feet) and at Waikii on Hawaii 
(4,700 feet). Some lots of seedlings were also raised at low- 
land nurseries at Haiku, KaiHili and Waimea. 
Location 
Sites for the experimental plantations were selected on the 
upper slopes of the principal mountains. Mount Haleakala on 
Maui (10,032 feet) and Mauna Kea on Hawaii (13,825 feet). 
Inasmuch as physical conditions in Hawaii change rapidly with 
differences in elevation, it was determined to establish several 
identical plantations at various altitudes. Five acres were taken 
as the individual plot area. 
On Haleakala three plots were laid out on the west slope, at 
elevations of approximately 7,000, 8,000 and 9,000 feet, and one 
plot on the northwest slope at approximately 6,500 feet. The 
last is near a hill called Puu Nianiau and the others are located 
along the trail to the summit, all on land belonging to Halea- 
kala Ranch. 
On Mauna Kea three plots on the west slope were selected 
on a broad ridge above Waikii, at the approximate elevations of 
7,000, 9,000 and 11,000 feet, the first being near a hill called 
Puu Luau. A fourth plot with an approximate elevation of 
8,000 feet and a northwest exposure was located at Puu Keriiole. 
