157 
SUMMARY. AND RECOMMENDATIONS 
Out of a total of 86 species tested, 19 proved more or less successful, 
these being divided between conifers and hardwoods, as follows: 
Conifers — 49 species tried, 15 established. 
Hardwoods — 37 species tried, 4 established (all Australian species). 
It is significant that among the hardwoods none but the Australian 
species w^as able to endure the severe site conditions of drought and 
extreme exposure. The complete failure of the mainland hardwoods 
dismisses them from further consideration, although it must be remem- 
bered that these were all tested in seedspots only, and that if trans- 
plants from the mainland had been used some of them might have proven 
successful. 
The following table presents a condensed comparison of the fifteen 
successful conifers, plot by plot, on the two mountains Haleakala and 
Mauna Kea. The overwhelming superiority of the Haleakala plots is at 
once apparent: 
HALEAKALA 
I 
Cedrus deodara 3 
Cryp. japonica 81 
Cup. arizonica 57* 
Junip. virginiana 39 
Liboc. decurrens . . . ... . yg* 
Picea canadensis 21 
Picea excelsa 83 
Pinus contorta 13 
Pinus coulteri . . . ., 67 
Pinus jeffreyi 9 
Pinus palustris 11* 
Pinus ponderosa 24* 
Pinus strobus 28 
Pinus sylvestris 15 
Pseudotsuga taxif 8 
II 
III IV 
I 
II 
70 
16 
60* 
2 
1 
1 
4 
2 
8 
58 
3 
2 
4 
4 
1 
's 
29 
14 
3 
44 
11- 
2 
MAUNA KEA 
III IV 
554 85 27 0 202 46 1 2 
*In seedspots. 
It wall be appreciated at a glance that the low'est altitude plots w^ere 
most successful. The tendency of future plantings should therefore be 
to concentrate upon available land at the lower elevations, leaving the 
upper levels for further experiment in w^hich, perhaps, species better 
adapted to those altitudes will be found. 
From the standpoint of numbers alone it is a simple matter to select 
the most successful species from the foregoing table. But in selecting 
the most desirable species for future extensive planting other consider- 
ations than mere numbers have w-eight. Such are the utility or com- 
mercial value of the wood, the habit and rate of growth, adaptability 
to the site, and particularly the reproductive powers of the species. In 
the present instance Coulter pine has made by far the best growth, has 
begun producing cones on plots at 7,000 and 8,000 feet elevation and 
has generally proven itself excellently adapted to the site. Physically 
it has made the best showing of all the species, and with its vigorous 
cone production gives promise of becoming self -perpetuating. Yet, be- 
cause of the low value of its wood for any useful purpose, it can not 
be given first place in plantations intended for timber production. 
