201 
281,757 trees were distributed for general planting throughout 
the Territory. Reforestation on the forest reserves was more 
extensive than in past years and amounted to the planting out 
of 44,261 trees of 33 different species in 11 different forest 
reserves on the four largest islands. Throughout the Terri- 
tory, on all of the islands except Niihau, 383,458 trees were 
planted during 1921. Of special interest is the 28-acre planta- 
tion of three different species of chaulmoogra oil trees started 
in December, 1921, in the Waiahole Forest Reserve, Oahu, 
so that in due time, approximately 10 years, we should be 
able to supply our own oil for the cure of leprosy. On account 
of the need for efficient rangers familiar v/ith island conditions 
The University of Hawaii has been requested to offer courses 
in forestry for young students wishing to secure forest ranger 
positions with the Territory. 
Entomology. — The activities of the division of entomology 
during the year have been directed mainly along two lines : 
(1) The propagation and distribution of beneficial insects 
previously introduced, and the search for, and introduction of 
others. (2) The control of insect pests and plant diseases by 
artificial methods. Under the first heading the following 
items are noticed. Numerous colonies of fruit fly parasites, 
dung fly parasites and predators, corn leaf hopper parasites, 
cabbage worm parasites, fern weevil parasite, etc., have been 
distributed to points where they were required. The last 
named parasite has been successfully established in the Ki- 
lauea region, where a serious infestation of the fern weevil 
has existed for several years. An entomologist was supported 
for four months in Australia to study the factors concerned 
in the natural control of dung flies and cut worms, two serious 
pests of the livestock industry. As a result of his investiga- 
tions, numerous enemies of the insects mentioned were col- 
lected and shipped to Hawaii for acclimatization here, the 
principal ones being several species of tumble bugs useful 
in the destruction of the manure in which dung flies breed, 
predaceous beetles, and an internal parasite of cut worms. 
One of the predators so received, has been reared in large 
numbers and distributed to many points in the islands and its 
establishment here definitely assured. It is too early yet to 
speak with confidence in regard to the establishment of thi 
tumble bugs, but their importance as a control of dung flies 
cannot be over-estimated and every effort should be made to 
naturalize them here. A report was also secured on the part 
played by birds in the control of these injurious species C)f 
insects and three birds were recommended, whose introduction 
is now being sought. Later, an entomologist was sent to 
South Western United States and Mexico to secure similar 
enemies of dung flies and also other beneficial insects. This 
naturalist continues in the field at the present date. As a 
