250 
ing approximately 1,500 acres of mostly government land to the 
reserve system in this region. 
D'uring the summer of 1921, a start was made in the work of 
resurveying the old boundaries of the Hilo Forest Reserve, some 
of which had never been adequately marked on the ground and 
were unknown, and in ascertaining what additional lands along 
the lower boundary could be included in the reserve. The sur- 
vey, which was necessarily very difficult, and which with many 
interruptions took four months of actual field work to complete, 
disclosed many remarkable situations. In some places it was 
found that the fence on a lease of government land outside of 
the reserve was 700 feet above the forest reserve boundary, and 
in many other places similar errors were discovered and the cor- 
rect boundary located and marked for the first time. 
Wherever it was possible to bring the lower line further down, 
unoccupied pieces of forest land belonging to the government 
and abandoned homesteads, off of which a living could never 
successfully be made, and lands which are preeminently suited 
to forest purposes, were added to the reserve. 
In this manner a net area of 1,750 acres was lately added to 
the reserve, bringing the total area up to 111,750 acres or about 
14 per cent of the total acreage of all reserves in the Territory. 
Of this area, as will be seen by reference to the accompanying 
map of the Hilo Forest Reserve, a portion of the lands are pri- 
vately owned. Only approximately 56 per cent of the total area 
or 62,600 acres belong to the Territory and are under its control. 
The balance of 49,150 acres or 44 per cent belongs to different 
corporations or estates' and, owing to the peculiar system of Ha- 
waiian land surveys, these are indiscriminately interspersed 
among the government lands. 
In the management of the reserve as a whole, therefore, it 
has been necessary for all parties who own lands in the reserve 
to get together and work along the same lines of forest pro- 1 
tection. This has been accomplished through the organization 
of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, for most of the 
privately owned lands in the reserve are under the control of 
the sugar plantations by fee simple tenure or by leases. There 
has, therefore, been the closest cooperation between the Board 
of Agriculture and Forestry and the above association in all work 
connected with this reserve. 
The resurvey of the lower line of the reserve enabled the forest 
officers to obtain accurate information as to the condition and 
lack of fences on the forest reserve boundary and as to the 
presence of cattle within the reserve and to take the necessary 
steps to rid the reserve of cattle and to make the boundary stock 
proof. 
The summer of 1921 was devoted to the preliminary work of 
survey, and this last summer to the protection of the reserve 
boundary, removal of stock, and tree planting. The total bound- 
ary of the Hilo Reserve is 80 miles long. It was found that the 
