44 
LOUIS OTTO KUNKEL 
of agar media or floated on tap-water. After an incubation period 
of about two days, approximately thirty per cent, of the teleutospores 
germinated. They germinate by producing a promyceHum that 
normally consists of five cells, one stalk cell and four cells that bear 
sporidia. Both cells of the teleutospore may produce promycelia 
simultaneously as shown in figure 17, but more often only one cell 
germinates, figure 18. The mature sporidium falls off from its sterigma 
and under favorable conditions germinates immediately. The sporid- 
ium produces either a germ tube or a sterigma on which is borne a 
secondary sporidium. A germinating sporidium is shown in figure 19. 
In some cases, a secondary sporidium may be borne on a branch of the 
germ tube, as is shown in figure 20. The development and germi- 
nation of these spores leaves no doubt that they are true teleuto- 
spores, and that the aecidium stage of Puccinia Peckiana is yet to be 
determined. 
While collecting in the regions referred to above, I found the black- 
berries quite commonly infected with a rust in the uredostage. These 
spores correspond fairly well with the description given by Fischer 
(7) for the uredospores of Phragmidium violaceum (Schultz) Winter, 
and there are in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden, 
specimens collected by Prof. L. M. Underwood at Glen, N. H., and 
labeled P. violaceum. Since, however, the teleutospores of this species 
has not been found in this country, the determination of the uredo- 
spores must be regarded as doubtful and there is a possibility that 
they belong with Puccinia Peckiana. 
The life history of Caeoma nitens may be outlined as follows. The 
sporidia belong to the gametophytic generation and produce a myce- 
lium that is composed of uninucleate cells. Whether the germ tubes of 
the sporidia are able to enter various tissues of the host or can only 
infect the young buds of the underground stem as is believed by M tiller 
(13) to be the case for Endophyllum Euphorbiae silvaticae, is a question 
which must be left to future studies. The uninucleate mycelium is 
certainly perennial in the tissues of the host (14) and produces sperma- 
gonia and aecidia on the shoots and leaves in the early spring. The 
aecidiospores are borne in chains and alternate with intercalary cells. 
Both the aecidiospores and intercalary cells are binucleate and con- 
stitute, therefore, a sporophytic generation. This binucleate condi- 
tion arises through the fusion of equal cells in the base of the caeoma. 
With this fusion the sporophyte generation begins. In some cases 
