224 
FREDERICK BARRY 
4. For the history of the development of structural chemical formulae, see 
Ladenburg or von Meyer {op. cit.) and for the origin of space formulae and their 
development, Pasteur: Researches on Molecular Assymmetry (i860), translated as 
No. 14 of the Alembic Club Reprints {supra); van t'Hoff: The Arrangement of 
Atoms in Space, translated by Eiloart, London, 1898; and G. M. Richardson: The 
Foundations of Stereochemistry, New York, 1901, a series of translated excerpts 
from the original papers of Pasteur, van t'Hoff, Le Bel and Wislicenus. See also, 
Stewart: Stereochemistry, London, 1907. This book gives the present status of the 
whole subject, and contains a useful bibliography. In Henrich: Neuere Anschau- 
ungen iiber Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, 1908, are brief and readable chapters 
on the History of Structural Chemistry. 
For modern atomistic developments see Perrin {op. cit.); Zsigmondy: Colloids 
and the Ultramicroscope, translated by Alexander, New York, 1909; and in this 
connection, Hatschek: Introduction to the Physics and Chemistry of Colloids, 
London, 1913, and relevant chapters in Wolfgang Ostwald: Grundriss der Kolloid- 
chemie, Dresden, 191 2. 
See also for recent developments in another field, J. J. Thomson: The Discharge 
of Electricity through Gases, Cambridge, 1903, and The Corpuscular Theory of 
Matter, New York, 1907; E. E. Fournier d'Albe: The Electron Theory, London, 
1909; Rutherford: Radioactivity, Cambridge, 1905, and Radioactive Substances 
and their Radiations, Cambridge, 1913; for briefer and readable treatments of the 
same general subjects see especially Righi: The Modern Theory of Physical Phe- 
nomena, translated by Trowbridge, New York, 1904; Soddy: The Interpretation of 
Radium, New York, 1912; J. Cox: Beyond the Atom, New York, 1913. 
For a general treatment of the whole subject, see Nernst: Theoretical Chemistry 
{op. cit.), Book II: "Atom and Molecule." 
5. Reference is here made to radioactive disintegration, and to certain optical 
phenomena, notably the specific characters of spectrum lines, their relationship in 
series and their disturbance by the magnetic field. See, for instance, relevant chap- 
ters in Maclaurin: Light, New York, 1909; Righi: {op. cit.) and Thomson: The 
Corpuscular Theory of Matter {op. cit.) chapters on the Zeeman effect, or Zeeman: 
Researches in Magneto Optics, New York, 1913; and Rutherford, and Soddy {op. cit.). 
6. The data referred to are given in Abderhalden: Textbook of Physiological 
Chemistry, New York, 191 1, p. 335; together with references to Atwater's work and 
to other previous work in this field. 
7. See Richards and Rowe: Proc. Am. Acad. 49: 173 (1913); especially Table 
III. 
The hydrocarbon data are taken from papers as yet unpublished, on recent 
work completed in the Harvard laboratories. 
8. Quoted from Alexander Smith: Introduction to General Inorganic Chem- 
istry, New York, 1912, p. 260. This book contains the most satisfactory systematic 
presentation of the fundamentals of present chemical theory. 
9. Mellor: Chemical Statics and Dynamics, London, 1904, p. 383. For another 
discussion of the effect of temperature on chemical reaction, read Chapter XII of this 
book. 
10. For a concise development of the thermodynamical theorems here stated see 
