430 
ALFRED DACHNOWSKI 
Table X — Continued 
Solution 
Quantity of Water 
Remarks 
Absorbed 
Transpired 
Retained 
II. KOH w/8oo + 
CaNOa w/8oo 
5.000 
4.010 
20. 1 80 
36.980 ' 
4.760 
2.850 
19.660 
36.000 
0.240 
1. 160 
0.980 
Roots 20-40 mm. 
12. KOH W/800+ 
C12H22O11 w/800 
5.840 
4.780 
8.990 
17.660 
5.280 
4.030 
8.800 
16.930 
0.560 
0.750 
0.190 
0730 
Roots 20-40 mm. 
13. KOH W/800+ 
C6H12O6 w/800 
4.080 
6.940 
16.390 
26.440 
3.830 
6.170 
15770 
25.750 
0.250 
0.770 
0.620 
0.690 
Roots 20-55 mm. 
14. KOH W/800 + 
C2H5NO2 w/800 
6.630 
5.760 
18.330 
31.640 
6.380 
5.120 
17.485 
30.575 
0.250 
0.640 
0.845 
1.065 
Roots 20-80 mm. - 
A comparison regarding the qualitative as well as the quantitative 
differences between the effects of acids and those of alkalies indicates 
that in an alkaline medium the metabolic processes and the translo- 
cation of food materials go on more readily than under the influence of 
an acid medium and that the presence of a salt in the one solution 
gives rise to reactions unlike that in the other medium. 
Tentatively the following summary is here presented, the eco- 
logical and agricultural significance of which will be evident from the 
discussion of the results: 
1. Different acids and alkalies are unequal in their effectiveness to 
modify the water relation of plants. At one concentration the influ- 
ence may be related to the chemical characteristics of the solute 
concerned, at another concentration it may involve the physico- 
chemical properties of the solution. The velocity of the action is 
independent of the concentration of the solution; it increases to a 
maximum and with further concentration not only inhibits biochemical 
processes but destroys them. As to the physiological effects of the 
solutions the order in which acids and alkalies induce absorption and 
transpiration of water is often different from the order in which the 
water content or the metabolism of the plants is altered. 
2. The effect of adding equimolecular salt solutions of different 
