40 
ernnaent entered into commercial treaties with Perak, among other 
Native States, to forestall any fresh attempts at Dutch monopoly. 
This all ill nee proved useful to P^rak a few years later, when the 
Siamese attempted to overrun the country, but were checked from 
Penaug. 
The recent development of events dates from the rise of Mrut int© 
import.-uiec iiudcT Nga Jafah, in consequent upon the discovery of 
the rieli tin deposit.? there. Tiie Cliineso then came in great numbers, and 
before lon^ the Ma!»y (>ovornmeni niiturally ffll t<)pieee«. After eome yejirn 
of uuarcliy, Governor Sir A.vi>rkw Clarke interfered in January, 1874, and 
the l*angkor Treaty was marie, iutroduting the Protected States expe- 
riment. The pniail rising that brought upon Perak a military occupa- 
tion, after the assassinutitni lif the firgt Resident, Mr. BiRcii, (1875) led 
to tlie adoption of tlie more robust policy under which Pcruk hivs made its 
subsequent rapid advaneefi. Tlic Stute is now about to open the 
first railway in the IVuin.sula, or anywhere in Asia to the South of 
Hangooii. , 
si-:lanooil 
The Pri>tcctcd State of Si"IAngor adjoins Perak along its whole 
sontheru tVontlcr. Jt is situated lie t ween the parallels of li*' 45' and 2° 
'10' North, with a rather greater extent of coast-Hue ou the East shore of 
the straitH ihmi it?* northern ueighbonr Perak. Area between 4.0'.K) and 
5,0!KJ ^iqunre miles. Population" about 50/iOO. 
{•ieiangnr is a compurativcly recent Stat", the western part of its 
territory havinj^ iipparently been left unoccupied from titne out of mind, to 
a greater decree thrni any other portion of the Peninsula, The soutln-rn 
division was formerly a ssepEUate Stntc — Klauf^ f Kchuifr)— ot.e ui the four 
original States of the " Negri Senibihm conlVdcrution. 
Under the luonc of Selaugtjr ure iireiuded four main districi^f, each 
having a considerable river, named respectively Beruam, Stlftngor, Ktang, 
aud Langat ; Pernani lo the Nortli, and the others further Soatli in 
the order iu wliich tliey arc named. With the exception of Klan^ aud 
the mouth of the Pivcr Schnij^or, the wboie territoi'V of the State was 
absolutely t(rnt htcfifjuHu until quite lately. Lukut, now c(jmj>rised 
in t]^ Suiifjci i-jong frontiers, waa formerly part of Sehlugor. Jiein*r 
rich ill tin found close to the sliore, nnd being situated ar. a distance 
of only 40 miles from ^lalncea, thin di^^trict was, under a former P*ajtt, 
the most thriving in Selanfjor. 
The greater port of Sciaugor is on extremely level country , stretching 
inknd about miles in the South, uud nearly 5(Hoiles in the North, and 
as yet but little cleared aiid very thinly inhabited. In its wide versant 
it presents a maiked contract to Perak, and cspeeialiy because its rivers flow 
• almost due ^Vcst instead of southward. In the interior are some high 
spui'3 thrown out from the fjjrcal mountain chain, especially between Flu 
Sclflngor and Ulu Langat, and in the neighbourhood of Kwala Lurapor, 
the present capital. These spurs have an altitude of aijout 2^00 feet, 
