58 
As to fmit trees, native fruits of about nine varieties are in daily use, 
supplemented by about aix introduocd kinds : the latter including the pine- 
applej orange, &c. 
The culinary vegetables are chiefly acclimatised Cliineae Irinds, com- 
prising lettuces, beans, radishes, &;c. of a miicJli inferior sort to the similar 
European vegetables. 
The vegetable products which form part of the exports of the Colony 
are about 40 in number, of which pepper, sugar, tapioca, indigo, coffee, 
cocoa-nuts, sago, gutta-percha, caontahouc and canes are the principal. 
The well -known Malacca cane ia not, however, found in ilalaeca (aa 
the " Penang Lawyer ia, or wag, in Penang), but only in Sumatra and 
Borneo. 
Gutta Percha [GHah] deserves special mention. The plants that pro- 
duce it, of a commercial standing, are ^bout 20 in luimber; about 10 
of which are trees, and 10 creepers; G^'iah Tubau, the produce of a tree, 
being the best known. 
The Straits sago m chiefly produced by a large palm which grows in 
swampy places, from the pith of which sag^:) is made, Th« kinds of oil 
exported are five in number, among which an essentia! oil, extracted from 
the lemon-grass, is the most important. Tea, coffee and chocolate are 
not yet produced in large quantities. Among spices, nutmegs, cloves, 
pepper and cinnamon are exported i the pepper in large quantities, though 
most" of it is not grown in the Colony, 
The grape-vine is not found native iu the Colony, and only succeecls 
with great difficulty under cultivation. Native vines with clusters which 
rival' those of the grape-vine in beauty, but are uneatable, are however 
found in great plenty. 
Of late years, bath public and private enterprise iiavo been active in 
introducing various forei;;'}] plants which yield valuable priidnctsi: among 
more- roct-'ut ones may be enumL!ratcd the teak (roe of India, the Jira/al- 
nut tree, and American and Afriran Indiun-rubher produciug trees. The 
Queensland'uut bui*h and numerf>us otlior useful and Europeau-plauts 
are being tried on the hills, with more or leas success. 
A'curious feature of the vegetation of the Colony is the appearance of 
many Australian plants on the bigliei* bill toiis. The beaut iful Victoria re- 
gia lily of the Amazon grows well, and many other introduced plants have 
become 'acelimati:sed in }i;ardeiis and by the way-side ; but o^vTug to iiio 
stimulating nature of the ciimate,. few of them produce flowers'or fruit 
as freely as in their native habitat, while leaves and branches flourish 
much more freolv. 
Many products, once aliumknt in the Colony, have become com- 
paratively rare, through wii^stcful habits and the want oi' any systeinjitic 
conservation i in fact many have retii'cd considerably beyond the limits of 
the Settlements, and the Goverurncnt of the Colony has taken steps to 
re-establish some of these by growing young plants on waste-land;j. and 
in forest 'reserves. 
Minerals.— Ho minerals are found in any workable quantities, except 
a little tin in the South of i&Iaiacea. This is natural from the 
