26 
The L'tfgcfit and perhaps the most important of the provinces at this 
• time is Reman, ly*i^p to the South-east of the river and bordering on 
Perak, with whiL-h it is closd}^ coiiuected by ties of intercourse atid com- 
mtin interest. It is the mo,st ?.Iakyan of jill these States; but its Mulay 
Itfija isj like tlw rest, responsible to the C/toir Khh, or Governor of Seng- 
gura, and must look to be coniirmed hj the King of Siam, Kuta Bbaru, 
some miles on the East side of the Patfiui Jiiver, is bis residence ; and the 
population of the country is to be found cliiefly in this neighbourhood 
and near the upper valley of the Pcrak, which river the Reman people 
use for t xpor ting tin, &c. Tbe boundary with Pcrak, near ivhich are 
the valuable tin mines of Kroh and Intanj already mentioned iu connec- 
tion with Kedah, Inis yet to be determined. 
Jain, situated pi incipally to the North- West of the Ttivex Patjlui, near 
the head'Waters of the Perak, lies under the eastward cliffs of the bold 
range of Bukit Brsar. Jalo is l>elieved to be one of the richest mineral 
countries in the whule Peninsula, having nbnndant galena, tin, and gold 
alrejuly worked at some points by the Chinese. Like the other mineral 
('ountrics, it is intersected by remarkable limestone formations. 
The galena mines of Patiiuij which a few yeacs ago attracted much 
attention in Singapore, lie near the small town BanhUn. This is situated 
in a picturesque ampbitlieatre of hillii, through which the river flows, 
about 45 miles distant from the town of Patani in a straight line, but 
dt)uble that distance by river. 
The area of the whole of " Patilni" i.s about 0,000 s;quai'e miles, nearly 
half of which is Irdieved to lie iu the two provinces above described. 
In 17iS6, the year of tjbe first Siamese invasion, there were said (u be 
115,000 inhabitants iu tha State of Patjlni. In 1832, after the second 
invasion, there were computed to be only 54,000 people in these pro- 
vincesj and the population has probably not increased since then, except 
in regard to its ( 'hinese miners, who now number several thousands. 
The southernmost of all the nine provinces collectively termed 
Patiini " is Sai, beyond which !ies the large and important Malayan State 
called K^laiitan. 
K^LANTAN. 
South of PatAni on the East coatst lie the Halayau States of Kelautan 
!Uid Tringgann^ whose position is one of imlependence guaranteed by 
treaty with the British Government, though nominally subject to Siam. 
Kelantan is sTtnated to the South of the Patsini States, the River 
Bauara being the boundary, between 6° 20' and 5^ 40', %vith about 60 
miles of coast on the Eiist side. It has an area of about 7,000 square 
miles; with a population of certainly over 100,tX)0; but so little is known 
of the interior that there is no great certainty about either area or popu- 
