25 
the uumbcrof inliaijltantsiis 200,000, avowedly from Siamese information. 
The JIalays arc more Eumciws, and the Sakei less sa, on this thuii on 
the other Hide of the dividiug range. 
The name " Patiini is at the present time, except as applie-'l tu 
the liivi r of" that ninue, a merely historical expression, whieh must he 
iimki'^tood to conipviiie ijiiie small Siaiisese-AlulHyun JStatcs or tlivi.siuns. 
These nine administrative divisions, togctlit^ with other provinces, are 
nmv niider the general but ill-defiued eontrol of Seugguraj the seat of 
tiovernuicnt for the south-eastern coast of the Siamese section of the 
Peuinsnhij so far as any administrative ^uizcrainty exists. 
Sinee the country *s Invamin and sfubjujiiition by 8iain in lH'i2y it has 
hcen broken np into tlsw four .seu-bnard States or di^^t^ions, lyin<^- from North 
to South in the ibllowin;? order Kong-chik or Tii jong, ratTuii, Jenibu, Sai ; 
ami th 1 five interior divisions— Tipah, Chenai, Jiito, RemaUj Ligei. Of 
these, lleman iss, eveji excludini^ any part of the Pcrak watershed, the 
most extensive, atid Patilui with its sea-port, ia prohabiy stiil the most 
populous. Jalo and Ligei ate believed to ho tlie richest in miucrats» 
The {uinei|Kd phyi<ical fealnrrs of the province are the two (!i>nsidet'ahle 
rivers— the Patuni and tlie Telopin — wliich rifie in the same hills and flow 
ncuvly parallel the ^kh, thron^h a country for tlie most part fiat, hut 
witli isolakd cliffs and hills. 
The River Pafcani is a long but shallow river which retains the same 
name throughout its whole length. lU sonree \h •^nid to be in the umuntain 
Jamhtil Merak (pea('uek^^ cre^t) obont 5° 3o% from which also the nor- 
tln'rvi tt'ibutarif R of tlie Pcrak thnv ; thence if has a noitlk'rly course and 
fulls into the (julf of tjiam in if 55' North. The uppt-r waters oftiic Hi vers 
Patani and Pcrak are a laliyrintl! of streams forming the head-waters of 
the river system of this part of the PeniaButa ; ^he i\iv<;r Kcluiitan is ako 
Kaid to take its source iu the same region. 
The Patiini lia; an exteii.sive delta, intersected by umnerous eiwks. 
Kicd'tt Tifjoug to ihe North is the most important estuary^ and is navlga- 
hlu asfar a5 Kwalii Xong-ehik (Nt»elii) wlicre it bifurcates from the Pafani, 
The Bar of Patatii is fwrmal by tlie projcetion of a narrow stri|) of 
laud' about 7 or 8 miles ju length, which, connected with the mainland 
to the eastward, bends round to ihc North-west like a horn and [irotr-et** 
the roadstead, m that vessels can at most sea.sons r^d" in saitity ; wliieh 
accounts for the high estimation in which it was heht j y the early navi- 
galor.^. The western extremity of this projection is called Cape Pfitani. 
The town and port of Patani is almost -dl that is left unchanged of the 
former important State of tli:!t naaie. It was and still is the chief town of 
the wliole of this eouutry. It is situated about 2 uiilcs from the river^s 
mouth, on the South-east side; a fair amount of trade is still carried 
on with Singapore and Bangkok, as also with the neighbouring 
Siamese and Malayan States. The exp-irta are tin, lead, giitta, salt-fish, 
tiles, earthenware and timber. The i)oindati(»n of the town consists of 
AfalaySj^ Chinese and Siamese., and is su;)posed tcjbe from 8,00i) to 4,000. 
The M alay race preponderate, the liaja himself being a JIalay. The active 
commerei'al and sliipping business is controlled by a ^' Captain China." 
