23 
into three province:*, tiaracd after the rivers Sfitul to the Kortlij Pi^rHe in 
the centre, and Keel ah proper to the SoutK. Kedali as a whole is dis- 
tinguished i'roni the othe r 8ttitc.-> of the Peninsula by ita comparative free- 
dom from iitonntain Jaud. The most notable of its monntiiins is Jerei 
or Kedali Peak, over 4,000 feet. It contains at least 26 rivor^, 0 o£ which 
are of some she, hut all of them obstrueted at their mouths by bars, 
•In none is then*, at ^spring tides, over 9 feet of water. Between the main- 
land and the Lenj^kawi islands, there lies an extensive muti bank, so 
that vessels of any considerable burden cannot corac n?arcr the coast 
than four miles. 
The old town, called " Qnedah " by the Portuguese, was situated in 
latitudf 0^ Xorth tipon ouo of tlie lar^rer rivers (it is believed River Her- 
liu) which was uavi^jable for vessels of tons burden. 
The geological iormntion of Kcdijb, gcucrally speaking, is gram'te, and 
in places tin is found and, it is belic^i-d, g'old. But the more important tin 
mines are just beyond the Kedab frontiers; and this holds tnie both to tlie 
Xmdi, the Kast,'anfl the South. Limestone crop>? out in a remarkable 
manner nt GunfMip; ^^auf]!:. tm tlie rUer Oiti, a tributary of the Muda, and 
at Gunon» {leriyang, or Elephant ]^lount. The vegetable pnifducts are 
the usual ones of the Peninsula, tlie (;oujitry being particularly well 
iidnptcd for growiuLC rice. Fruit trees of all kinds, e^speeialfy the 
uiangwliu and dnrian, grow To great perfeetion. Among its wild 
aninudH, the clepluiat is coiuiiton jiiid is used as a bcjust of burden. 
Cattle and hulfalues arc abundant in tlic domestic state. 
The iuhahitants consist of Malays ; of a few Sain->Sauis or mixed 
Siamese in theNonli. who arc u>nally ^Mahoniedan lierc. and speak both 
;Maiay and Siunp\se : of tlic IVninsula Negritos ; of Mcsli^^o Telingas, 
speaking both Tamil and .Malay: itnd t)f 9 few Chinese, Before the 
Kianiese iuvHsiou and conquest of 1821. the country is said to have 
had a population of over SOjUOU, which in 18-30 was reduced to 21jffOU. At 
]u-esent, the population must exceed the u?^ual estimate of ^O^QOO to 
:)0,tK)0 Very considerably : the traveller Cakl Bock (18H4) was told 
'"iM.OOfi, the Chlur'se numbering 2:>,()'J0, but this is probably excessive. 
The Malays, uuiy safely he put at KXbOOO 3 ami the Cbiucso probably 
cxcecwi 'iOAOo. The whole umubcr is probabJy withiu 15O,0O0, 
The Cupit'd is Kotn Star, or Alor Stur, on a river of no great size, though 
OTIC of the largest oniie eountry, to the North of (tie cous[)icuons Mount 
Jerei. It hus for sonm ycsirs hcen couneetefl, by the rough r(>ad alreadv 
mentioned, with ScFiggova ou tlic East, the near<.$t Siamese town of im- 
portance. Thiii is at present the only royd ar iws the Peninsiila. The 
lliver Muda, tlie frontier of Proviuee Wellesley, is navigable for small boats 
ro Baling, distant about Cj utiles East. This place is of some importauee 
as ihc iVonticr statifvu, near the point where Kedah, Perak and Patuni 
nie< t ; and fium B.diiig thti Muda lliver is used to carry to market at 
Penaug the tin whieli is found in uuusual abuudancc at Klii*n Intan and 
Kroh, ou tfie East nr Patilui side of the dividing range of Titi Waugsa. 
The eountiy at the back of Province Wcllesley is also known lo t>e 
rich in tin at Serdang and Kulim, but it has not yet been developed, 
