(18 the British occupy the island. But a few years later (1791) the mm wai 
raised to 10,000 dollars, which has since beeii paid. This wns Bettled, when 
Penang's territory waa extended ; and in connequence of tbe prevalence of 
pirni-y on tlie nhoni8 of tho maiulunil, iipposite PiMiaus, a 8tri[) of the coaat of 
the main, now called Prm iuce Wcllesltn', . wa.^ puit-haisccl from Kedah for 
2,000 doilnri* plttn tliis addition to tht) aniiiiitj. 'Vlw strif* extemled from the Muda 
Eiver to the Kriaa Eiver. a diMlanvt' tjT ^.j nii!ea. ISince the Paui-kor Treaty 
of IS7I it hna been cn I urtred, as stated above; and since that Treaty, also, the 
Settlement hrw eoui prised the outlying deiieiidt^ncy of Pani^kor and the Din- 
din^'**, under a iSiiperintcndent, whifh f^WoA an addition of territory almost 
otpialHiiti: the Province in ex1*ut. 
Proviin;e Wt'lleidey ia in a hij^h atuto of cnltivatiiin, when ooniparcd with 
the nei<;hbonrin_i;- territories. The chief articles i-ultivated are »uji;ar» ta])ioea, 
paddy, and eocoavimtrt. In 17fM!, the etimnte of the Andaniana having lieen 
found tjniiealfchv, the Penal Setllemeiit there was ahandoned (nntilafter 
the Mutiny of lS,j7j and its 700 eonvirt!* were tnuiHt'erred to Penang, 
whieh by that time !md a ]>f>pnlation exceeding 20,000, In 1S05 Penang 
was made a Rpparate Premileney under the Kmt India Company, of efjual 
rank with Madras and Bemhay. In I S2G .Singapore and Malaeea were incor- 
porated with it under One 'jovernment, Penang still remaining the smat of 
GovernmenL But in 1829 Peiiautf wuh rodueed fiotn the rank of a Presidency, 
and in 16-57 the seat of Q-oveniraeut was transferred to Singapore. The 
rsTenue and trade of Penang have increased reraarkably in the last fifteen 
years. 
SINGAPORE. 
8tni»apore was occupied by Sir Stamfoiio TIiffi.es. aetinj: under the authority 
of Lord FUsTi.vas, on the 0th February, iHiO, by virtue of a Treaty with the 
Malayan prineen of Johor It was ;it tirfit subordinate to Beneoolen in i5uma- 
tra, of wldch li.\FFLEs was then Lieut. -Governor ; but in 1823 it was placed 
under the Q-ovfrument of Ueuj^al. It wm afterwarda, in 1826, as above stated, 
incorporated with Penarigaiid M:dneea. and finally became the seat of Govern- 
ment (18;^7). 
Ita vapid proi?ress was, at that tim^ unparalleled. On the Uth June, 1819, 
Bafflks wrote home : My now Colony thrives most rapidly. Wq have 
" not been established four m'outlis, and it has received an aecesBion of popu- 
talion exceeding 3,000, principally C^unese, and their number is daily in- 
** creaeing." * 
Nor has it disappointed the expectations then formed of its future: both its 
general and local Trade and its Eevenueti having, for many years, e^tceeded 
that of all competiton?. 
TH.E PROTECTED NATIVE STATES. 
The Protected States (comprise three " Eesideneies," all on the western side 
of the Peninsula, between Province Welle^^ley and Malacca, viz. : — Pciak 
(Au^cust, 1S74). Si.-l'moor and Snngei Ujung (December, 187i), Ab Aasistant 
fi-eftident waa first appointed to Ptrak immediately after the dsjuature of the 
Pangkor Treaty (January 20th, 1H74), and shortly after to $eliiugor also 
(June, 1874). 
The anarchy prevailiuij in ahiios^t all the Native States of the Malay Penin- 
sula, and especially in POrak, had been, for some years prior to 187 Jt, a source 
of disquiet to the Straits Settlements, and a hindrance to the growth of local 
trade. In the beginning of that year steps were taken by Hiv Anueew 
Clabex to remedy thi« »tate of tbingt by iettling the affairs of Larut and 
