298 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
[Oct. 9, 1897. 
San Francisco Riflemen. 
San Francisco, Sept, 27.— Shell Mound ranere was crowded with 
riflemen yesterday. The matksmen of the Columbia Club devoted 
their attention to their all comers' medals, and the German clubs to 
hullseye shooting. The feature of the day was Ernest Jacohson's 
clean score of EO with a Sharp's military ritle. This was made in the 
Columbia Club's contest for the military medal. This is a re-entry 
match, best ten scores of ten shots during the year to win. At pre- 
sent the contesTsnts stand: E. Hovey 477, E. Jacob.«on 477, F. O. 
Young 475, F. H Bushnell 475, J. E Gorman 466. A. H. Pape has en- 
tered the race, making 47 and 49 yesterday. This match is shot on 
the Columbia target, and only shots in the true Sin. circle count 
hullseyes. 
Our marksmen are more and more convinced of the superiority of 
the large bullseye over the small one. The eye is less strained, and 
as a consequence the shooting is more agreeable and more accurate. 
Scores for the day : 
Bifle re entry matches, open to all comers, 200yds., Columbia tar- 
g-et, F. H Bushnell rifle medal and cash prizes, 3 shot scores: F. O. 
Younc, 9, 11. IS, 12. 
William Glindemann military medal and cash prizes, 10 shots, 
Creedmoor count; E. Jacobson, 50. 47: A. H. Pape, 49, 47; F. H. Bush- 
nell, 48, 47; F. O. Young, 48, 47, 47; E, Hovey, 47, 46. 
Cash prizes on Hags, inch centers made during month: F. O.Young 
4, A. H. Pape 3. 
Pistol, re-entry matches, open to all comers. 50yds., Columbia tar- 
get. Gordon Blanding pistol medal and cash prizes, 3-shot scores: A. 
B. Dorrell, 9, 10: F. O. Young, 8, 13. 
Howard Carr any revolver medal and cash prizes, O-shot scores: A. 
B. Dorrell. 24. 29. 32: C. Boberts 32. 
Achilla Boos .22 rifle medal, ladies' trophies and cash prizes, 5-shot 
scores: A. B. Dorrell, 7. 9, 11 ; Mrs. C. F. Waltham, 18, 15: Mrs. M J. 
White, 13. 18; E A. Goddard, 26. 
Cash prizes on flags, inch centers made during month, Blanding 
flags: Young 2, Dorrell 3, Gorman 1. Small rifle: Dorrell 20, Mrs. 0. 
F. Waltham 7, Mrs. M. J. White 2, Jacobson 1. 
BULLSEYES. 
There was a large attendance of German sharpshooters on the 
rainge contesting for cash prizes and monthly medals Their scores 
were un to the average and afforded the shooters considerable sport. 
The regular bullseye contests of the San Francisco Scbuetzen Verein 
and the GermaniaSchuetzen Club resulted in the following securing 
cash prizes, as decided by the machine that" is used to measure the 
disks, together with the points and the order of the winnings: 
San Francisco Schue(zen Verein: 1, P. Koch, 147 points; 2, E H. 
Goelze. 180:3. Hy P. Schuster, 2.32; 4, O. Lemcke, 283; 5, L. Bendel, 
441; 6. H M. Wreden, 497; 7, A. H. Pape, 583; 8, J. Tiedemann, 603; 9, 
Wm Glindemann. 615;10, .1. C. Waller. 629: 11, C. F. Bust, 742; 12, C. 
Thierbach, 750; 13, H. H. Burfeind, 753; 14, John Utschig, 828; 15. Ti. 
Haake, 89.5; 16. K. Ahrens, 988; 17, John De Witt, 1.P53; 18, B. Stettin, 
1,132; 19, Wm. Ehrenpfort, 1,295; 20, D. B. Faktor. 1,546. 
Germania Scbuetzen Club: 1, Bendel, 137: 2, D. B. Faktor, 312; 3, P. 
P. Schuster, 216; 4, J. UtPchig, 815; 5, E 0 Bust, 319; 6, C. Thierbach, 
491: 7, N Ahrens, 496 ; 8. D. Saalfleld, £97; 9, W. Morken, 649. Roebi,. 
YACHT RACING FIXTURES 1897. 
The following list of fixtures has been compiled from many different 
sources, some of them not ofiScial, and it may contain some errors. 
We shall be glad to have notice of corrections and additions. 
Eaces of the Sound Y. E. TJ. are marked with the letter S ; those of 
the Massachusetts Y. B. A. with the letter M: 
OCTOBER. 
9. Miramichi, Gould cup, Chatham, N. B. 
9-10. Cor. San Francisco, cruise, Corinthian Cove, San Francisco. 
16. Cor. San Francisco, closing day, San Francisco. 
17. Cor, San Francisco squadron, cruise, San Franc'sco. 
The Proposed Yacht Racing Association. 
As stated in the announcement published last week, the 
meeting for the purpose of organizing a national yachting 
association will be held in New York on Saturday, Oct. 80. 
The general plan of the proposed organization is set forth in 
the following, which has been sent out with the aceompany- 
ing racing rules, to all clubs in the United States and 
Canada. 
Proposed articles of Association of the Yacht Racing As- 
sociation of North America. 
ARTICLE I. 
Name. — The name of this organization shall be the Yacht 
Racing Association of North America. 
ARTICLE II. 
Objects.— The objects of the Association shall be to en- 
courage yacht racing and promote the adoption of uniform 
racing rules throughout the United States and Canada, but 
no association, union or club shall be bound by any action of 
this Association until it has ratified such action. 
ARTICLE III. 
Organization. — Any yacht club in North America, hav- 
ing a regular membership of over one hundred, and over 
fifteen yachts of IStt. racing measurement or upward, en- 
rolled in their fleet, or any association or union of yacht 
clubs, shall be eligible for membership in the Association. 
article IV. 
Representation. — Each association, union or club shall 
be entitled to be represented in this Association as follows: 
1. Each local association or union belonging to this Asso- 
ciation, shall be entitled to choose from the delegates from 
the clubs of which it consists, representatives to this Associ- 
ation, the number of such representatives to be determined 
as follows: 
(a) One representative for each club having 100 members, 
and one representative in addition for each additional SOO 
members. 
(b) Each club belonging to this Association, but not con- 
nected with any local association or union, shall be entitled 
to choose from its members one representative for 100 mem • 
bers, and one representative in addition for each additional 
200 members. 
ARTICLE V. 
Management. — The affairs of the Association shall be 
managed by a council consisting of fifteen representatives, 
who shall be elected annually by the Association at the an- 
nual meeting, and shall hold office for one year, or until 
their successors are elected, and shall have power to fill va- 
cancies in their number. 
ARTICLE VI. 
Duties of CotrNCiL.— It shall be the duty of the Council 
to consider and act upon application for membership in the 
Association, to appoint special officers and committees, to 
frame racing rules for submission to the Association, and to 
determine and settle all difficulties and disputes relating to 
yacht racing which may be referred to them for decision, 
and, further, to take such steps as they may consider neces- 
sary and expedient to carry into effect the objects and pur- 
poses of the Association. 
The Council shall elect a chairman, a secretary and a 
treasurer. 
The chairman may call special meetings of the Council 
whenever necessary, and shall do so upon the requisition in 
writing of five members, in which case five days' notice must 
be given of such meeting. 
The Council shall meet at such times and places as they 
may consider expedient. 
Five representatives shall constitute a quorum at any 
meeting of the Council. 
ARTICLE VII. 
Meetings. — There shall be an annual meeting of the Asso- 
ciation, at such place as the Council shall determine, on the 
first Saturday of October in each year. The Council may 
call special meetings of the Association whenever they may 
consider it necessary. 
Fifteen representatives shall constitute a quorum at any 
meeting of the Association. 
Ten days' notice, in writing, of a meeting shall be given to 
each representative. 
At any general meeting of the Association voting shall he 
allowed by proxy. 
ARTICLE VIII. 
Subscription. — The expenses of the Association shall be 
apportioned and assessed among the associations, unions and 
clubs as may be determined by the Council, but no assess- 
ment to exceed $2 a representative shall be levied in any one 
year. 
article IX. 
Amendments.— Amendments to these articles may be 
adopted at any meeting of the Association by a two-thirds 
vote of those present in person or by proxy, provided that 
the proposed amendment in full shall be contained in the 
notice of the meeting. 
Racing Rules. 
management. 
All races and all yachts sailing therein shall be under the 
control and direction of the race committee of the club giv- 
ing the race. All matters shall be subject to their approval 
and control, and all questions and disputes which may arise 
shall be decided by them. Their decisions shall be based 
upon these rules, and shall be final, unless, upon the appli- 
cation of the parties interested, or for other reasons, they 
choose to refer the questions at issue to the Council of the 
Association. Such reference shall be final. 
No member of the Council or of any race committee shall 
take part in the decision of any question in which he is 
directly interested. 
A member of a race committee who is the owner of a yacht 
sailing in a race shall not act upon the committee in the 
management of such race. 
APPL ICATION. 
Yachts shall be amenable to the rules from the time the 
preparatory signal is made until the finish of the race. 
OWNERSHIP. 
No two yachts owned wholly or in part by the same person 
shall compete in the same class. 
ENTRIES. 
All entries shall be made in writing, and shall be signed 
by the owner or his representative, giving the name of the 
yacht, class, racing length and racing number. 
Entries shall be filed in the manner prescribed by the 
club under whose auspices the race is sailed. 
instructions. 
1. The owner of each yacht entered for a race shall, at 
the tinae of the entry, or as soon thereafter as possible, be 
supplied with written or printed instructions as to the con- 
ditions of the race and the courses to be sailed. 
2. The race committee may change the courses or amend 
the instructions, provided notice of such change is given 
to the owner of each yacht before the preparatory signal is 
made. 
3. In the absence of the owner, the delivery of instruc- 
tions to any person on board his yacht shall be sufficient. 
sails. 
1. The following sails may be carried: 
On Schooners: Mainsail, foresail, forestaysail, jib, flying 
jib, jib-topsail, working main and fore gaff-topsail, main 
topmast staysail and spinaker. 
On Sloops and Cutters: Mainsail, forestaysail, jib, flying 
jib, jib-topsail, working gaff-topsail and spinaker. 
On Yawls: The same as on sloops and cutters, withmizzen 
and mizzen-staysail. 
On Catboats: Mainsail. 
2. Light sails may set over working sails. 
3. No extra spars, booming-out or whisker poles, except a 
spinaker boom, shall be used. 
4. A working main or fore gaff-topsail must bf jib-headed 
and must not extend above the truck or beyond the end of 
the gaff. A spinaker must be triangular, and must not 
extend above the truck or beyond the outer end of the spin- 
aker boom. 
fittings, water and BALLAST. 
1. Floors shall be kept down, and bulkheads and doors 
left standing. Galley fixtures and fittings shall be kept on 
board in their prox)er places, and one serviceable anchor and 
cable shall be carried. 
2. Trimming by dead weight shall not be allowed, and 
neither water nor ballast shall be taken in or discharged. 
private signals and numbers. 
The owner's private signal shall be carried at the main 
peak, and the racing number shall be placed above the reef 
points, at an ecjual distance from the luff and leach, on each 
side of the mainsail. 
postponement. 
The race committee may postpone a race, should unfavor- 
able weather make a postponement advisable. 
A race postponed or resailed shall be considered a new 
race. 
TIME AT finish AND START. 
1. All starts shall be flying, and shall be "time" or "one- 
gun" starts, as may be specified in the instructions. 
2. In time starts an interval shall be allowed for crossing 
the line, and the time of each yacht shall be taken when the 
point marked by the foremast in schooners and the mainmast 
in single-masted vessels and yawls crosses the starting line. 
A yacht crossing the line after the starting interval shall be 
timed as having crossed at its expiration. 
3. In one-gun starts each yacht shall be timed from the 
starting signal. 
4. The time of finish of each yacht shall be taken when the 
point marked by the foremast in schooners and the main- 
mast in single-masted vessels and yawls crosses the finish 
line. 
5. In any start, if the point marked by the foremast in 
schooners, and the mainmast in single-masted vessels and 
yawls, has crossed the line before the signal for the start in 
her class is made, she must return and re-cross the line. 
A yacht so returning, or one working into position from 
the wrong side of the line after the first starting signal has 
been made, must keep clear of, and give way to, all yachts 
in the race. 
propulsion. 
1. No means of propulsion other than sails shall be em- 
ployed. 
2. Manual power only shall be used in working a yacht. 
MARKS. 
1. A mark is a vessel, boat, buoy or other object used to 
indicate the course, and is not a mark until the starting sig- 
nal has been given, and does not involve any question of sea 
room. 
2. If the courses are not found as stated in the instruc- 
tions, or should any stake-boat, buoy or other mark be ab 
sent or moved from its proper position during a race, the 
race may be resailed or not, at the option of the race com- 
mittee. 
anchoring. 
A yacht may come to anchor, but must weigh anchor 
again and not slip. A yacht shall not warp or kedge, or 
make fast to any buoy, stage, pier, vessel or other object, ex- 
cept for purposes specified in Rule — 
running aground and fouling. 
A yacht running aground or fouling a buoy, pier, vessel or 
other object, may use her anchors, warps, boats, etc., to get 
clear, but may not receive any assistance, except from vessel 
fouled. Any anchor, warp or boat so used must be taken on 
board again before continuing the race. 
accidents. 
Every yacht shall render all possible assistance to any ves- 
sel or person in peril, and if in the judgment of the race 
committee she shall thereby have impaired her chance of 
winning, they may order the race to be resailed between such 
yacht and the winner in her class. 
sounding. 
No other means of sounding than the hand lead and line 
shall be employed. 
right of WAT. 
When one yacht is approaching another yacht so as to in- 
volve a risk of fouling, one of them shall keep clear of the 
other as follows: 
1. Maneuvering for a Start.— In maneuvering for a start, 
up to the time of the starting signal, where two or more 
yachts with the wind on the same side are standing toward 
the line, and the weather yacht has the wind freer than the 
yacht to leeward, the leeward yacht shall have the right to 
hold her course. 
2. On Different Points of Sailing.— A yacht free shall keep 
clear of one close hauled. 
3. On the same Point of Sailing with the Wind on Oppo- 
.site Sides.— When both yachts are close-hauled, or both free, 
or both have the wind aft and on opposite sides, the yacht 
with the wind on the port side shall keep clear. 
A yacht is deemed to have the wind on the side opposite to 
that on which she is carrying her main boom. 
4. On the Same Point of Sailing with the Wind on the 
Same Side. — When both yachts are free or have the wind aft 
and on the same side, the yacht to the windward shall keep 
clear. 
5. Wind Aft.— A yacht with the wind aft shall keep clear 
of a yacht on any other point of sailing. 
6. Overtaking.— An overtaliing yacht shall, in every case, 
as long as an overlap exists, keep clear of the yacht which is 
being overtaken, except as specified in Sec. 13. 
7. Definition of Overlap.— An overlap is established when 
an overtaking yacht has no longer a free choice of which side 
she will pass, and continues to exist as long as the leeward 
yacht by luffing, or the weather yacht by bearing away, is 
in danger of fouling. 
8. Altering Course. — When of two yachts one is obliged 
to keep clear, the other shall not alter her course so as to in- 
volve risk of fouling. 
9. Luffing.— A yacht may luff as she pleases in order to 
prevent another from passing her to windward, provided she 
begins to luff before an overlap is established. 
10. Bearing Away. — A yacht shall not bear away out of 
her course so as to hinder another in passing to leeward. 
11. Rights on New Courses.— A yacht shall not be 
entitled to her rights on a new course until she has filled 
away. 
12. Converging Close-Hauled. — When two yachts, both 
close-hauled on the same tack, are converging by reason of 
the leeward yacht holding a better wind, and neither can 
claim the rights of a yacht being overtaken, then the yacht 
to leeward shall keep clear. 
13. Passing and Rounding Marks. — If an overlap exists 
between two yachts when both of them without tacking are 
about to pass a mark on the required side, then the outside 
yacht must give the inside yacht room to pass clear of the 
mark. 
A yacht shall not, however, be justified in attempting to 
establish an overlap and thus force a passage between an- 
other yacht and the mark, after the latter has altered her 
helm for the purpose of rounding. 
14. Obstruction to Sea Room. — When a yacht is approach- 
ing a shore, shoal, rock, vessel or other dangerous obstruc- 
tion, and cannot go clear by altering her course without 
fouling another yacht, then the latter shall on being hailed 
by the former at once give room; and in case one yacht is 
forced to tack or bear away in order to give room, the other 
shall also tack or bear away, as the case may be. at as nearly 
the same time as is possiole without danger of fouling; 
but should such obstruction be a designated mark in the 
course, a yacht sha.ll not force another to tack under the 
provisions of this rule. 
disqualification. 
Every yacht must go fairly around the course, and must 
not touch any mark, but shall not be disqualified if wrong- 
fully compelled to do so by another. 
If a yacht, in consequence of her neglect of these rules, shall 
foul another yacht, or compel another yacht to foul any yacht, 
mark or obstruction, or to run aground, she shall be dis- 
qualified and the owner shall pay all damages. 
The race committee may, without a protest, disqualify any 
yacht, should it come to their knowledge that she has com- 
mitted a breach of these rules. 
protests. 
1. Notice of intentioti to protest that a yacht has violated 
these rules may be given during a race by displaying flag B 
of the signal code, and keeping such flag flying until an- 
swered by the race committee with the answering pen- 
nant. 
2. Protests must be filed in writing with the race commit- 
tee before 6 o'clock P. M. of the day succeeding the race, ex- 
clusive of Sundays, and must be signed by the owner or his 
representative. 
3. If through protest the measurement of a yacht be called 
in question, the race committee shall direct the measurer to 
remeasure such yacht, and the result as reported by him 
shall be final. The usual fee for measuring shall be col- 
lected from the owner, if the measurement be found wrong* 
and from the person protesting if the measurement be found 
right. 
While the scheme thus outlined is less elaborate than some 
that have been proposed, and while it by no means covers all 
of what we consider the proper functions of such a national 
yachting body, at the same time it covers the immediate 
essentials, and it is sufficiently moderate to avoid the objec- 
tions of even those who can see in such a movement nothmg 
but a trick of the many smaller clubs to exert undue power 
over the few large ones. As distinctly but rather inoppor- 
tunely stated in the second article, no body is to be bound by 
the rules of the Association until it has distinctly accepted 
such rules. However necessary such a statement may be, its 
direct connection with the objects of the associations named 
in the same section, is not quite clear. 
One very important point in the establishment of a new 
organization of any kind is the name. Changes of constitu- 
tion, by-laws and rules must come in time in all organiza- 
tions, however carefully the original work may be done, but 
changes of name are always undesirable; this much, at least, 
should be done properly at the start. 
The name proposed, "Yacht Racing Association of North 
America, ' ' may be strictly correct, but it is open to several ob- 
jections. In its form it is clumsy and unwieldy; there is too 
much of it to be used in full, and if abbreviated to the mere 
initials, as is usually done, it comes in conflict vrith half a 
dozen smaller Y. R. As. already in existence. In Great Bri- 
tain no such objection exists, the simple letters Y. R. A. 
stand for the one governing body in British yachting; in this 
counti-y, however, we have the Lake Y. R. A. , the Massa- 
chusetts Y.| R. A., the Interlake, Northwestern and other 
