ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS, A. NIDULANS, A. TERREUS N. SP. 9I 
some of them described as separate species. This type of organism 
is reported from the tongue, the ear, the cornea of the eye, and the 
human lung. As a cause of aspergillosis in birds, it is found in the 
lungs of various species. Cultures have been extensively tested and 
found pathogenic in varying degrees to fowls, rabbits, guinea pigs, 
and dogs. We have received it from soil bacteriologists working in 
widely separate regions, and recovered it many times from forage and 
musty or moldy grains. This type of mold has proved to be a regular 
inhabitant of soil at least in America, hence may be expected in cul- 
tures from any substance contaminated with dirt. All of these strains 
grow at the temperature of warm-blooded animals, this being a pre- 
requisite to pathogenesis. The pathological literature with reference 
to A. fumigatus is extensive. The literature of the group was criti- 
cally examined in 1905 by Costantin and Lucet^^ who recognized the 
close relationship of the whole series of forms. They retained as 
species A. malignns Lindt, A. bronchialis Blumentritt, A. lignieresi 
Cost. & Lucet, A. fumigatus Pres., A. virido-griseus Cost. & Lucet, 
and A. penicilloides Speg. 
They regarded the other forms already described as synonyms or 
unrecognizable. Comparison of long series of cultures from^ different 
sources confirms belief in the ability of races or strains to maintain 
specific cultural characters in A. fumigatus as has been already de- 
scribed for A. niger (Thom and Currie, loc. cit.). Some of these forms 
can probably be described in morphological and physiological terms 
which will identify them. It is probable, however, that the number 
of races showing at least slight differences is very much greater than 
these investigators believed and that by sufficient search connecting 
forms would be found which would make up a fairly complete series. 
The determinations of pathogenicity already reported (Cost, and 
Lucet, loc. cit.) show that the strains so far studied vary markedly 
in this respect. Physiological differences of marked degree are not 
necessarily correlated with morphological characters. This has been 
demonstrated for yl. niger by Thom and Currie, and is clearly shown in 
the studies of relative pathogenicity of A. fumigatus as reported by 
Costantin and Lucet. 
Perithecia have been reported for A. fumigatus by Behrens^^ and 
Costantin, J., et Lucet. Recherches sur quelques Aspergillus pathogenes. 
Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IX. 2: 1 19-180, pi. 5. 1905. 
Behrens, J. Centralbl. Bakt. 11: 335. 1892. 
